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Rise of Islam

Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia. Rise of Islam. 622 C.E.- Hijra Mohammed flees to Medina, finds followers to build an army (Islamic calendar begins) 633 C.E.- Battle of Al- Aqaba, wars of Ridda Control of trade routes, conquests begin

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Rise of Islam

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  1. Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia Rise of Islam

  2. 622 C.E.- Hijra • Mohammed flees to Medina, finds followers to build an army (Islamic calendar begins) • 633 C.E.- Battle of Al- Aqaba, wars of Ridda • Control of trade routes, conquests begin • 680 C.E.- Death of Husayn, major split in Islam • 711 C.E.- Muslims expand into India • 732 C.E.- Muslims defeated at Tours, France • Farthest spread of Islam into Europe • 940 C.E.- Muhammad Al-Madi disappears • Beginning of the wait for the 12th imam • 1100’s C.E.- Crusades (invaders from Europe) • Muslims lose Holy Land but eventually retake it • 1300’s C.E.- Muslims move into Southeastern Europe General Chronology

  3. What was the period of greatest development in the early Islamic world? Thought Question

  4. 661-750 Ummayad Caliphate 750-1258 Abbasid Empire 1258-1336 Mongols control Muslim lands 1281-1918 Ottoman Empire Dates of Major Empires

  5. Tribal fights within the Middle East Stalemate with Byzantine Empire Invaded Persia Trade across Sahara desert with Africa (led by the Berbers) Sufis spread Islam into India and Southeast Asia, mostly by sea trade Invasion of North Africa and Spain Across Silk Road into Central Asia and China Coastal trade into East Africa Interactions vital to the Islamic world

  6. What were the different ways Islam was spread? Thought Question

  7. Art and architecture

  8. What were some of the major themes seen in early Islamic art? Thought Question

  9. Islam • Shi’a • Think leader of the faith should be related to Mohammed (Ali) • Sunni (85% of all Muslims today) • Think leader of the faith should be elected (Imams) • Sufis • Mystics, interested in following a path of piety, meditation, and various physical and mental exercises to be closer to God (Allah). • The Islamic World • Vast Regional differences in language, culture, ethnicity, practices, politics Divisions within the islamic world

  10. Where are Muslims today? • Internal conflicts today in Islam • Clan or tribal identity • Red Crescent (Like the Red Cross) • Control of Oil Producing Areas Connections to today

  11. Muslims in the world today

  12. Has Islam spread greatly to parts of the world not settled by Muslims since its early expansion? Thought Question

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