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ARCHETYPES. Carl Jung…. Studied under Sigmund Freud Named the first “complex,” based on his idea that trauma might result in exaggerated reactions. Believed that modern humans rely too heavily on science and logic.
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Carl Jung… Studied under Sigmund Freud Named the first “complex,” based on his idea that trauma might result in exaggerated reactions. Believed that modern humans rely too heavily on science and logic
Freud believed the brain was divided into three parts:ID – basic needs and drives; survivalSUPEREGO –conscience; keeps the id in checkEGO – the “self”; your personality; overall brain control
Jung didn’t agree with Freud; he divided the brain into two parts:* MEMORIES – past experiences from this life* FORGOTTEN CONSCIOUS— memories from past lives
Carl Jung… Called these forgotten memories the “collective unconscious” • is a knowledge base that all humans share • contains ideas, images, and emotional responses • is the basis of Jung’s theory on archetypes
Discovered (or identified) Archetypes • which are instinctive patterns • that recur in art across cultures • and recur in art across time
The collective unconscious is to humans like instinct is to animals. Salmon know how to spawn without being told. People don’t need to learn everything; some things we are just born knowing.
Archetypes: Instinctive patterns in the collective unconscious of humankind. Figures or patterns that recur in works of art from generation to generation.
Archetypes can come in the form of stories, characters, and symbols.These symbols must be shared by different cultures OVER TIME to be archetypes. They must be universal.
SIGN • A word or physical sign which represents one object. • initials: U.S.A., NASA, NHS • traffic signs • trademarks: “Just do it,” “I’m lovin’ it.” • Meaningless in itself; gains meaning through usage.
Symbol • An object that stands for something else. This can be a letter, a character, or a sign. • the American flag • a police badge • the Greek letter delta • These objects are specific to a culture, a community, some times a specific novel.
Put the snake in a time and space machine and send it to ANY PLACE or ANY TIME and people would agree on what that snake means or represents.
This is a two-dimensional joke: Snakes have no legs to kick with, or opposable thumbs with which to attach a sign. Snakes are EVIL!
The Rainbow Snake Aido-Hwedo QUETZLCOATL is in charge of the primal waters where all life was created.
The Seven-Headed Serpent Lotan from Canaanite myths, which served as a symbol of the seven deadly sins.
Shesha, the world serpent In Hindu Mythology, Shesha spews fire to destroy all creation
Apep, the chaos serpent At first, Apep was the Egyptian Sun god. When he was replaced by Ra, he became very angry. Apep became a symbol of evil.
Jormungandr (Norse) will eventually bring about ragnarok (the end of the world)
Where can we find archetypes? • Mythology • Literature • Art • Religion • Movies • Comic Books • Songs
Archetype: a universal theme Universal theme: themes that transcend time and space (of course, this is a controversial notion!)
Three types of archetypes. . . • archetypal plots • archetypal characters • archetypal symbols
PLOTSHero CycleCosmogony (creation story)Tragedy (everyone dies)Comedy (everyone marries)Monomyth or Initiation
Anything that suggests that dark is bad and light is good can be dangerous in the wrong hands, and it does not represent all cultures.
Any system of thought that limits males and females to certain types rather than allowing them autonomy to choose what kind of person to be can bedangerous.
Be careful when looking at art, literature, film . . .LIFEthrough an archetypal lens.
The hero is assumed to be male because one of his many “trials” is overcoming the wiles of a temptress.
THE ARCHETYPAL MAN HERO • Young, handsome, muscular • Courageous • Strong (sometimes beyond normal men) • Rebel or maverick • Usually follows the hero cycle
