1 / 23

FOCUS: German unification Mid-1800s

Nationalism:. the belief that people should be mainly loyal to their nation Nationalists believe that a cultural unity should turn into a political reality. FOCUS: German unification Mid-1800s. Unification of Germany.  Iron and Blood . Factors Hindering Unification.

theodore
Télécharger la présentation

FOCUS: German unification Mid-1800s

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Nationalism: the belief that people should be mainly loyal to their nationNationalists believe that a cultural unity should turn into a political reality FOCUS: German unification Mid-1800s

  2. Unification of Germany  Ironand Blood

  3. Factors Hindering Unification • Religion (North-Protestant/South-Catholic) • 39 different German states • Loyalty to individual princes rather than central government • Opposition of France and Austria • Economic differences (East-Agriculture/West-Industry)

  4. Germany Towards Unification: 39 States in German Confederation

  5. Otto von Bismarck • Became Prussian chancellor (prime minister) 1862 under William I • Junker - German noble landowner • Protestant conservative • military reforms • manipulative & confident • brilliant diplomat • Realpolitik

  6. King William I of Prussia

  7. Realpolitik • Practical or pragmatic politics • any action is acceptable if it serves the state’s (nation-state’s) interest • making decisions based on usefulness rather than moral considerations

  8. 3 Wars for unification

  9. Danish War • Danish King intends to annex Schleswig and Holstein • Austria & Prussia combine to defeat Denmark easily • stage set for conflict manipulated by Bismarck

  10. 1864

  11. Austro-Prussian War • Also called the Seven Weeks War (by the Prussians!) Prussians win easily • Austria agrees to dissolve the German Confederation • German states above the Main River join together in North German Confederation under Prussian King • Austria contends with Hungarian revolt Austria becomes Austria-Hungary

  12. 1866-67

  13. Franco-Prussian War • Bismarck tricks the French into war • Southern Catholic German states join the North German Confederation for protection • French commander captured and surrenders to the Prussians • Prussian victory helps build up German patriotism

  14. Treaty of Frankfurt • Treaty that ends Franco-Prussian War • France pays Prussia lots of $$ • Prussians will remain in France until paid • France gives Alsace-Lorainne to Germany • Rebels in Paris refuse to accept surrender • Paris bombarded and taken after inhabitants resort to eating rats and zoo animals

  15. Become part of Germany 1870-1871 Boundary of German Empire

  16. Treaty of Frankfurt • was very harsh towards French • led to years of problems between France and Germany • shown later in World War I and II

  17. William I’s coronation in Hall of Mirrors at Versailles

  18. German Empire • Centralization of Power • Kulturkampf - Effort to reduce power of Catholic Church in Germany • Foreign Policy...

  19. Bismarck’s foreign policy • gain allies • Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria, Italy • Reinsurance Treaty: Germany and Russia • Isolate France • avoid war - Bismarck hosts 2 conferences to settle conflicts

  20. Problems following Unification • Alliance system • Empire dominated by Prussia • Suppression of Catholics • Growth of Socialism • Dismissal of Bismarck

  21. Post-Bismarck Germany • Kaiser Wilhelm II (1889-1918) • Militarism • build-up of navyand army • forces Britain and France into alliance • competes for colonies

  22. Foreign Policy • allows Russian alliance to lapse • Russia and France make alliance which leads to Schlieffen Plan…..(we will mention this during WWI)

  23. World War I These alliances help set the stage for

More Related