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Ch. 4 Vocabulary

Ch. 4 Vocabulary . Composition. the chemical makeup of a rock. Rock. naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Texture. the quality of a rock that is based on the size, shape, and positions of the rock’s grains. Rock cycle.

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Ch. 4 Vocabulary

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  1. Ch. 4 Vocabulary

  2. Composition the chemical makeup of a rock

  3. Rock naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter

  4. Texture the quality of a rock that is based on the size, shape, and positions of the rock’s grains

  5. Rock cycle series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes

  6. Uplift Movement within the earth that causes rocks to be moved to the surface

  7. Extrusive igneous rock rock that formed as the result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth’s surface

  8. Mafic Rocks Dark-colored rocks that contain calcium, iron, and magnesium

  9. Intrusive igneous rock rock that formed from the cooling of magma beneath the Earth’s surface

  10. Felsic Rocks Light-colored rocks that contain aluminum, potassium, silicon, and sodium

  11. Chemical Rocks Sedimentary rocks that are formed when minerals crystallize out of a solution, such as salt water

  12. Sediment Rock particles that settle in a liquid

  13. Strata rock layers

  14. Stratification process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers

  15. Clastic Rocks Sedimentary rocks that are made up of clasts that are cemented together

  16. Organic Rocks Sedimentary rocks that are formed from the remains of once living plants and animals

  17. Index mineral The metamorphic minerals formed only at specific temperatures and pressures

  18. Foliated texture of metamorphic rock in which the material grains are arranged in planes of bands

  19. Non-foliated texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands

  20. Metamorphism Process in which a rock’s structure, texture, or composition is changed

  21. Erosion process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another

  22. Deposition the process in which material is laid down

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