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India

India. Population Distribution. Places where there is high population density is in places such as:

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India

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  1. India

  2. Population Distribution Places where there is high population density is in places such as: Ganges River – because firstly, rivers provide access to fresh water. Secondly, fresh water can be used for drinking and irrigation of crops for growing food. Thirdly, the Ganges is also used for transport. Indo Gangetic Plain – because firstly, they are easy to crop on. Secondly, they have good water from rivers and fertile soils. coastline of India – because firstly, the accessibility to trade. Secondly, coastlines provide food source.

  3. Population Diversity a point of difference

  4. India has a young population. Most of its population is at the 0 to 4 year old group. A issue with this composition is that there is a lot of pressure on the working age group (15-64) and government to provide resources for the young such as schools. Japan has an aging population as it shows on the graph. This has similar problems to India. Instead the working age has to support the old dependents by money being spent on pension and healthcare. Population pyramid for India and Japan in 2008

  5. Why does India have such a large % of young people? • Parents in the rural areas see children as necessary so they help them(the parents) as they get older. • Negative views on contraception. • Importance of children, mainly in males so they can work in the farming families.

  6. Religious Diversity The percentage of religions in India in order from highest to lowest are Hindus(80.5%), Muslims(13.4%), Christians(2.3%), Sikhs(1.9%), Buddhists(0.8%), Jains(0.4%), Other Religions & Persuasions(0.6%), Religion not stated(0.1%). India has the worlds largest population of Hindus. The percentage that Hindus cover in India is 80.5% with a population of 827,578,868.

  7. How does religion influence the population? • Reluctance to use contraception • Dowry deaths and female infanticide • Cause of conflict • Importance of children to Hindus • Men are generally more dominant and decide the number of children • Controls of improving status and living conditions via the old caste system

  8. Population Change Change in India's population total increase, age-sex structure and natural increase

  9. India’s Total Population Growth from 1950-2050 The graph on the right shows that India’s population growth has rapidly increased over the past 50 years and the future years to come. India will continue to a point which will overtake China and will make India have the largest population in the world.

  10. The bathtub model and the population equations There are four main factors that contribute to the population total. They are Birth Rate, Death Rate, Immigration and Emigration. This is shown on the bathtub model and the population equation.

  11. Birth Rates Why high birth rates? Why low birth rates? Gain higher living standards Government believes it will halt the whole countries economic growth Costs of education and urban childcare are too high Less poverty for lower castes in rural areas • Children provide families with labour and wages • Religious beliefs place a high value on children • Contraception is not readily available or understood in rural areas • Children are a families insurance against future problems

  12. Change in India's age-sex composition As the Indian Government wants the families to have less children, pressure has come to have boys instead of girls

  13. Migration in India Migration and Mobility of the Indian people including Internal and External migration

  14. Why do people move? The reasons why people migrate are mostly shown in the model on the right. The Migration Model • Employment • Poor conditions • Family changes • Better services • Forced by war • Natural disasters • Higher wages • Education • Lifestyle

  15. What types of Migration occur? Internal Migration External Migration Labour Emigration Refugee Movements • Rural – Urban Drift • Marriage Migrations

  16. What is Rural – Urban Drift? Rural – Urban Drift Diagram Rural – Urban Drift is the most important type of migration in India. It is when People leave their villages and farms(rural areas) and move into the cities(urban areas). There are usually a number of factors which lead to this migration.

  17. Indians Labour Migrations External Labour Migrations from India are common. It is thought there are over 25million Indians working in other countries around the world.

  18. Refugee movement into India • 1947: Up to Hindu’s fled religious persecution in newly independent Pakistan. • 1959: Up to 200,000 Tibetan Buddhists began crossing over the Indian part of the Himilaya due to China’s armed colonization of Tibet. Most settled near northern India. • 1961-1962: Following major Hindu-Muslim riots in east Pakistan approximately 1 million refugees flowed into eastern India. • 1964-1969: A steady trickle of Garo and Chakma tribes began coming into northeast India from northern east Pakistan. • 1971-1972: Hindus and Muslims numbering 10 million in all, came across the border from Bangladesh. • 1983-2002: An estimated 500,000 Sri Lankan Tamils crossed the Palk strait into Tamil Nadu in southern India due to internal clashes in Sri Lanka. • 1990-current: over 1 million Myanmar began seeking asylum in India. This flow was created by fear of persecution from the new military dictatorship in the country.

  19. Population Sustainability

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