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Navigating Digital Publishing: Standards, Challenges, and Opportunities

Join Michael Healy, Executive Director of the Book Industry Study Group, at Columbia University Libraries' Digital Library Seminar to explore the evolving landscape of digital publishing. Discover the need for standardized practices, the challenges faced by the book industry, including declining readership and industry consolidation, and opportunities for growth through digital content development, marketing strategies, and consumer-driven models. Engage in discussions about the implications for publishers, booksellers, and libraries while considering innovative solutions for a more informed and efficient book industry.

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Navigating Digital Publishing: Standards, Challenges, and Opportunities

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  1. Digital publishing today:Standards, challenges & opportunities Columbia University Libraries’ Digital Library Seminar Michael Healy, Executive Director, Book Industry Study Group

  2. What is BISG? • Founded in 1977 • Not-for-profit corporation • Based in New York City • Three full-time staff members • Executive Director • Associate Director • Office Manager

  3. Membership • Drawn from all parts of the supply chain • Our unique strength • Printers, paper mills, book manufacturers • Publishers (large/small; corporate/independent) • Booksellers and wholesalers • Service suppliers • Libraries • Trade associations

  4. A small selection of members ….

  5. Our mission “Working to create a more informed, empowered, and efficient book industry.”

  6. The mission in action • Standards • Best practices • Certification • Research • Publications • Education • Events

  7. U.S. market size * * Caveat emptor

  8. Reasons to be gloomy? • Book sales • Industry consolidation • Readership

  9. U.S. book sales 2004-2011

  10. Book sales by sector

  11. Increasing consolidation

  12. A crisis in readership? • Americans are reading less • Young adults are reading fewer books • Reading is a declining activity for teenagers • American families are spending less on books • Reading comprehension skills are falling • Civic, economic, and cultural implications

  13. Reasons to be cheerful?

  14. Sources of confidence

  15. Areas of strategic focus • Infrastructure • Content development • Marketing • Content protection

  16. Infrastructure • Content preparation • Frontlist titles “born digital” • Backlist digitization: selective or total • DAM and DAD systems • Workflow integration • Editorial, production and distribution • Standardization • e.g. XML, .epub

  17. Content development • “Fragment” publishing • Reader-generated content • Customized publishing • Short form narrative • Reader interaction

  18. Content development

  19. Content development

  20. Marketing • Widgets • Podcasts • Social networking sites • Cell phone marketing • Browse inside • Author-publisher collaboration • Pricing – the importance of $0.00

  21. Author-publisher collaboration

  22. Experimenting with free

  23. Content protection • Encouraging sales; discouraging piracy • Meeting consumer expectations • Online audio books without DRM • Random House experiment: September 2007 • Random House announcement: February 2008 • Watermarking and piracy tracking • Amazon and Audible?

  24. Issues for publishers • Focus on the individual consumer/user • Focus on “granular” content • Focus on user-defined content • Influence of social networking sites • Encompasses all types of publishers • Many new players

  25. Issues for publishers: quality/authority • The question of authority • “The wisdom of crowds” • The role of the editor and the publisher • Social, political, & civic implications • Author-reader relationships • The prospect of disintermediation? • Publisher • Bookseller • Librarian

  26. Issues for publishers: content delivery • New focus on “content”, not “books” • Customer-driven content models • Selling “fragments” • Aggregation from different sources • Aggregation from different providers • Integration of personal and 3rd party content

  27. Issues for publishers: business models • Learning from other media • Newspapers • Music • “Getting rich by charging nothing” • Will books ultimately be “free”? • Cost of quality content • Proliferation of new commercial models • Purchase, rental, ad-driven, subscription etc.

  28. Issues for publishers: rights and DRM • Rules that describe how content may be used • Mechanisms for rewarding content creators • Tools for investment returns • What are the lessons of the music industry? • The influence of the search engines • Standardized rights-expression languages

  29. Changing publishing models Traditional Publishing Model Bookseller owns customer Publisher’s contact with customer limited to advertising, author appearances Content Metadata Content Creators Publisher Bookseller Consumer Content +Product Metadata Content Product

  30. Changing publishing models: web 1.0 Web 1.0 Model Shift Publishers and authors make direct contact with consumers through online marketing Content + Product Metadata (Websites, Newsletters) Consumer Content Creators Publisher Bookseller Content + Product Metadata (Websites, Newsletters, Games, Contests, Interactive)

  31. Changing publishing models: web 2.0 Web 2.0 Model Shift Product + Content + Product Metadata (Websites, Newsletters, MySpace) Consumer Defined Product(Chapters, Recipes) Consumer Content Creators Publisher Bookseller Product + Content + Product Metadata(Widgets, chunked, mobile, search) Digital Warehouse

  32. Challenges: the need for standards • Identification • Products • Works • Contributors • Product description • ONIX 3.0 • Product formats • Transaction standards

  33. Thank you. Michael Healy michael@bisg.org 646 336 7141

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