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Class Aves – “flyers”- birds

Class Aves – “flyers”- birds . 2 nd largest class of vertebrates. Ornithology . Study of birds. Traits . feathers. Traits . wings. Traits . Supportive hind legs with scales and claws. Traits . Light porous bones. Traits . 4 chambered heart. Traits . Endotherms – warm blooded.

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Class Aves – “flyers”- birds

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  1. Class Aves – “flyers”- birds • 2nd largest class of vertebrates

  2. Ornithology • Study of birds

  3. Traits • feathers

  4. Traits • wings

  5. Traits • Supportive hind legs with scales and claws

  6. Traits • Light porous bones

  7. Traits • 4 chambered heart

  8. Traits • Endotherms – warm blooded

  9. Traits • Toothless beak

  10. Traits • Lay amniotic eggs with hard shells

  11. Egg tooth

  12. Classification • Based greatly on beaks and feet, also parental care

  13. Altricial • More parental care, hatch out helpless, lay less than 6 eggs, tend to nest in trees • E.g. – robin, eagle, hummingbird

  14. Precocial • Less parental care, hatch out better developed, lay 10-20 eggs, tend to nest on ground • E.g. – ducks, pheasants, chickens

  15. Altricial or Precocial?

  16. Altricial or Precocial?

  17. Altricial or Precocial?

  18. Altricial or Precocial?

  19. Altricial or Precocial?

  20. Altricial or Precocial?

  21. General types of birds

  22. Waterfowl • Swimming birds, webbed feet, rounded and flat beak • E.g. – ducks, geese, swans

  23. Raptors • Birds of prey, sharp strong talons, sharp curved beaks • E.g. – eagles, falcons, owls

  24. Shorebirds • Wading birds, long skinny legs, toes, necks, and beaks • E.g. – cranes, flamingoes, ibis

  25. Upland game birds • Large, ground oriented, precocial • E.g. – turkey, pheasants, grouse

  26. Song birds • Melodious (attract mate), small, perching birds • Robins, sparrows, cardinals

  27. Flightless birds • Can’t fly, tend to be fast runners or skilled swimmers • E.g. – penguin, ostrich, kiwi

  28. Feathers Down Contour Quill

  29. Down • Fluffy, next to body, insulates

  30. Contour • Covers outside, streamline, protects

  31. Quill • Large feathers of wings and tail, used for flight

  32. Feather Structure

  33. Shaft • Stiff, central column SHAFT

  34. Barbs • Side branches from the shaft BARBS

  35. Barbules and hooks • Cross branches off the barbs that hook together

  36. Down feathers lack hooks

  37. Fun Feathers

  38. Preening • Grooming and maintaining feathers, spreading oil

  39. Preen gland • Located on top of the rump, secretes oil to waterproof feathers

  40. Molting • Shedding old feathers and growing new ones

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