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I-LHC Project Overview and Status

I-LHC Project Overview and Status. Ion Injector Chain – Reminder of Key Parameters Why an “early beam” ? Status of : - Source (talk D. Kuchler) - LEIR and ECOOL (talks by C. Carli and G. Tranquille) PS/SPS/LHC Tentative Schedule Summary.

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I-LHC Project Overview and Status

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  1. I-LHC Project Overview and Status • Ion Injector Chain – Reminder of Key Parameters • Why an “early beam” ? • Status of : - Source (talk D. Kuchler) - LEIR and ECOOL (talks by C. Carli and G. Tranquille) • PS/SPS/LHC • Tentative Schedule • Summary I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  2. Nominal vs Early Ion Beam in LHC Why Early Beam? • much easier for injectors (Linac3, LEIR, PS), shorter LHC filling time (4’/ring) • Keep nominal bunch population (7 107 ions/bunch) to study limitations without risks • A Luminosity of L=5 1025 cm-2 s-1 (lower by a factor 20) by fewer bunches (1/10) and b* =1 m (factor 1/2) useful for physics (early results) • improved Luminosity lifetime because of larger b* I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  3. Pb Ions for LHC: Hardware Upgrades 200 emA Pb27+: New 14.5 GHzsource from CEA Grenoble Energy ramping cavity Dp/p ~ 0.4% Repetition rate 1 5 Hz New power converters RF upgrade to 5 Hz Pb27+ Pb54+ LEIR • Bi-directional injection/transf. Line • Multiturn injection (transverse+longit.) • Powerful electron cooling • Dynamic UHV by NEG, Collimators • RF cavities with frequency “swing” ~8 • New injection equipment • RF hardware • New rf low level hardware for synchronization and acceleration Al Stripper Pb54+ to Pb82+: low-beta insertion I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  4. LEIR Acceleration Cycle Extraction 72 MeV/u Electron cooling Acceleration 4.2 MeV/u Early beam I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  5. Commissioning Pb-Pb in the PS Ring • Injection Septum (SMH26): Installation and test completed by end of March • Injection Kicker: Installation and test completed by end of March • 2 bumpers: - Magnets will be installed before the end of January - Power supply already installed - tests foreseen in March • rf: Installation completed by the end of March I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  6. Ion and proton beam emittance blow-ups in TT2 6 individual supplies (2 quads disconnected from strings) 6 individual supplies (2 quads disconnected from strings) Stripper:  lowered by 5 4 new quadrupoles QNO01-QNO04 ΔH/H ΔDH/DH Expected emittance growth due to stripping0.12 mm (17%) Final emittance <1.0 mm Residual field  0.1% gradient errors  emittance growth 0.1% ΔV/V ΔDV/DV For proton beams the 4 new (ion) quadrupoles QNO01 to QNO04 must get zero gradients for perfect matching between TT2 and SPS Relative emittance growth in SPS due to betatron and dispersion mismatches vs relative quadrupole gradient errors (w.r.t. max gradient value achievable) I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  7. Commissioning Pb-Pb in the SPS Ring • Use TWC 200 MHz and part of the beam control already used for the fixed target ion operation with at least 2 main differences: - bunch to bucket transfer at injection (injection phase errors are critical) - new hardware is needed for the synchronization at flat top for extraction to LHC • Manpower for the beam control upgrade is about 1 m.y I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  8. Commissioning Pb-Pb in the LHC Main Rings • Refer to detailed plan presented in Chamonix 2005 • Basic principle: Make the absolute minimum of changes to the working p-p configuration • Magnetically identical transfer, injection, ramp, squeeze of IP1, IP5 • Same beam sizes • Different RF frequency swing, add squeeze of IP2 • Requirements • Ion injector chain ready with Early Beam • Minimum instrumentation for ions set up • Need ionization profile monitors I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  9. How long will it take to commission Pb ions in LHC? • This will be done when the LHC is already operational with protons • There is previous experience of switching a hadron collider from one species to another. • RHIC changed a few times, typically from ions to p-p, with 1 week setup + 1 week performance “ramp-up” • More complicated optics changes than LHC (injection is below transition with ions, above with protons) • Protons are polarized • Done a few times with the first ion collider at CERN • More directly comparable with LHC ? I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  10. Previous colliding-beam species switches at CERN Why did it go so smoothly ? I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  11. Yet another ion in ISR What about software and system issues ? Factoring in ¼ century of progress in computing, theswitchover in the LHC should be achievable in ~1 h. I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  12. Tentative Ion Schedule (Early Beam) I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  13. Summary Pb Injectors • Higher performance ECR source can now produce lead ions • LEIR beam commissioning has made good progress • PS Injection systems will be installed and ready for the end of March • New rf hardware (beam control for the nominal beam) will be installed in the PS for the end of March • Four new quadrupoles are installed in TT2 and ready for tests So, all the hardware in the PS and TT2 will be installed and tested by the end of March 2006 • New synchronization hardware for injection and acceleration will be installed in the SPS (need some attention for 1 m.y) I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  14. Summary for LHC Main Rings • Early Ion Scheme to be scheduled • Switchover from p-p should be possible in 1 week (if ion injection available at the right time) • Performance limits for Nominal Scheme to be clarified with Early Scheme, in particular: • Test understanding of BFPP and quenches • Test understanding of losses from collimation • After Early Scheme Run, increase number of bunches towards Nominal and complete first phase of LHC ion programme I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  15. Summary I-LHC Project • Early Beam is just the beginning and opens the door to the Nominal Beam • Project Schedule: Pb in LEIR until the end of April 2006, PS as from Sept 2006, SPS in 2007, LHC in 2008. • Studies on the nominal beam in the injectors should start in 2007 in LEIR/PS in order to go forward to the nominal LHC luminosity. • The reasons to maintain the commissioning schedule for Pb-ion injectors are: - All the hardware (except in SPS) will be operational by the end of March - in 2006 and early 2007, the LHC is not running and it will be easier to accommodate commissioning periods for the PS and SPS - in 2006, the expected beam time requirements for CNGS is less demanding in protons as this year is not a standard year I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

  16. Ions Schedule (options) I-LHC Project Overview and Status Stephan Maury for I-LHC team

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