Lecture Summary (19.11.2002) The Organization of the UN

1. Lecture Summary (19.11.2002)The Organization of the UN • Security Council • Economic and Social Council INT 313

2. Lecture Outline (21.11.2002) 1. The Organization of the UN (cont’d) • Trusteeship Council • Secretariat • International Court of Justice 2. Basic Issues of the United Nations • Membership • Representation • Voting • Amendment • Finance INT 313

3. The Trusteeship Council • the task of supervising the administration of Trust Territories placed under the Trusteeship System INT 313

4. The Trusteeship Council Major Goals of the Council: 1. to promote the advancement of the inhabitants of Trust Territories 2. To promote their progressive development towards self-government or independence. INT 313

5. The Trusteeship Council The Structure of the Council: • Permament membrs+administering members+non-administering members For instance the situation in 1950 2. Later on only 5 permanent members INT 313

6. The Trusteeship Council Working of the Council: • authorized to examine and discuss reports from the Administering Authority on the political, economic, social and educational advancement of the peoples of Trust Territories • in consultation with the Administering Authority, to examine petitions from and undertake periodic and other special missions to Trust Territories INT 313

7. The Trusteeship Council Contemporary Position of the Council: suspended operation on 1 November 1994, with the independence of Palau, the last remaining United Nations trust territory By a resolution adopted on 25 May 1994, drop the obligation to meet annually agreed to meet as occasion required INT 313

8. The Secretariat an international staff working in duty stations around the world -- carries out the diverse day-to-day work of the Organization INT 313

9. The Secretariat Functions: To service the other principal organs of the United Nations To administers the programmes and policies laid down by other bodies of the Union To inform the world's communications media about the work of the United Nations To organize international conferences on issues of worldwide concern To interpret speeches and translate documents into the Organization's official languages INT 313

10. The Secretariat Functions: administering peacekeeping operations mediating international disputes surveying economic and social trends and problems preparing studies on human rights and sustainable development. INT 313

11. The Secretariat The Secretary General: Election of the SC SC, GA elects jointly 5 year term in the office INT 313

12. The Secretariat Functions of the Secretary General: • To be the chief administrative officer of the organization • To act as secretary to all major delegate bodies of the UN • To perform functions assigned by the GA and three Councils • To make an annual report to the GA on the work of the organization • To appoint the secretary staff INT 313

13. The Secretariat Powers of the Secretary General: • can bring to the Security Council any matter that might threaten world peace • has the authority to serve as a neutral mediator in international conflicts and to bring hostile parties together to negotiate • works to build consensus among the five permanent members of the Security Council INT 313

14. The International Court of Justice General Features the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. Its seat is at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands) began work in 1946, when it replaced the Permanent Court of International Justice operates under a Statute largely similar to that of its predecessor, which is an integral part of the Charter of the United Nations INT 313

15. The International Court of Justice Functions • to settle in accordance with international law the legal disputes submitted to it by Statesbegan work in 1946, when it replaced the Permanent Court of International Justice • to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by duly authorized international organs and agencies INT 313

16. The International Court of Justice Structure composed of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms of office by the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council It may not include more than one judge of any nationality They have international personalities do not represent their governments INT 313

17. The International Court of Justice Working of the Court Only States may apply to and appear before the Court Membership is not conditional to UN membership The Court is competent to entertain a dispute only if the States concerned have accepted its jurisdiction INT 313

18. The International Court of Justice The Legal Sources of the Court international treaties and conventions in force international custom the general principles of law judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists INT 313

19. Specialized Agencies of the UN Autonomous organizations joined to the UN through special agreements ILO (International Labour Organization) FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN) UNESCO (UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) WHO (World Health Organization) World Bank group INT 313

20. Specialized Agencies of the UN IMF (International Monetary Fund) ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) UPU (Universal Postal Union) ITU (International Telecommunication Union) WMO (World Meteorological Organization) IMO (International Maritime Organization) INT 313

21. Specialized Agencies of the UN WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) UNIDO (UN Industrial Development Organization) IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) INT 313

22. Membership Issue • Big power participation • Sovereignty and competence to be a member • Original membership vs. Admitted membership • Admission process • 1945-1955 period (veto vs. collective veto) Activities to cope with the problem 1955 sixteen states simultaneously • Switzerland’s position • Special membership for specialized agencies INT 313