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Historical and Ethnological Aspects of Cemeteries

Historical and Ethnological Aspects of Cemeteries. Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology FiF UK Bratislava 2011. Ethnography (Description) Collecting and description of cultural phenomena

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Historical and Ethnological Aspects of Cemeteries

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  1. Historical and Ethnological Aspects of Cemeteries Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology FiF UK Bratislava 2011

  2. Ethnography (Description) Collectingand description of cultural phenomena A qualitative method aimed to learn and understand cultural phenomena which reflect the knowledge and system of meanings guiding the life of a cultural group (Geertz, 1973) Ethnology(Explanation, Comparison, Classification) Comparative Science (theoretical interpretation) Science that compares and analyzes the origins, distribution, technologies, religion, language and social structure of the ethnic, racial or national divisions of humanity (Newman, 2008) History Science that discovers, collects, organizes, and presents information about past events

  3. „Traditional“ and contemporary approach and topics in ethnography research of cemeteries „Traditional“ topics • Mortuary rituals • Tombstones (development, forms, typology, criterions of systematization, cultural and historical values) • Mortuary poetry • Funeral ceremony, customs and conventions symptoms of death, precursors of death, decease, funeral tolling, bier, clothing and relics of the dead, funeral processions, burials, after the ceremony, period of mourning Some examples ofcontemporary trends: • Urban ethnology and anthropology (social and cultural aspects of cemeteries with emphasis on the area) • Oral history projects (image of cemeteries in human memory)

  4. Guide in Ethnological and Historical Research of Cemeteries • Goal is to create handbook summarizing steps, recommendations, good practices in ethnological/historical research of cemeteries • 1st Variant To introduce, explain and teach all the research process • 2nd Variant To introduce, explain and teach selected parts of the process

  5. 1st Variant • Preparation for research Mapping local institutions • Historical research Research in local institutions • Historical/Ethnography research Research in non-local/higher institutions, continue with historical research + initialize ethnography research – field work • Ethnological research Ethnography research, analyzing materials, involving media

  6. Ethnographic Interview Learn how to formulate questions Learn what we can ask Learn kinds of questions contrast descriptive structural questions Participant Observation How and what to observe/notice Writing field notes 2nd Variant

  7. Biography: • BEDNÁRIK, R. 1972. Cintoríny na Slovensku. Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo SAV. 308s. • BOTÍK, J. 1999. Tam zložili aj svoje kosti.Kultúrnohistorické hodnoty náhrobných pomníkov zahraničných Slovákov. Bratislava: Lúč. ISBN: 80-7114-272-7 BANKS, M. 2001. Visual Methods in Social Research. 201s. ISBN: 978-0-7619-6363-9 SAGE. Great Britain. • BITUŠÍKOVÁ, A.1994. Vývojové trendy urbánnej etnológie. In. Etnologické rozpravy1994, č.2, s.40-44 • ČUKAN, J. 1997. Pramene k štúdiu a techniky výskumu v etnológii. Univerzita Konštantína Filoza, Fakulta humanitných vied. Nitra. 82s. ISBN: 80-8050-107-6 • GREGOROVÁ. J. a kol. 2008: Prezentácia architektonického dedičstva II., skriptá.  FA STU Bratislava: Perfekt. s.49-66. • CHORVÁT, K. 1895: Smrť, pohreb a mŕtvi v tradícii a zvykoch ľudových, In . • Slovenské pohľady XV. • CHORVÁTHOVÁ, Ľ. 1995. Cintorín. Pochovávane. In. Encyklopédia ľudovej kultúry slovenska. • JOCKLE, C. 2000. Memento mori : Historie pohřbívaní a uctívaní mrtvých. Praha : Balios, 2000. 160 s. ISBN 80-242-0101-9 • LUTHER,D.1995. Výskumy mesta a formovanie urbánnej etnológie na Slovensku. In. Etnologické rozpravy 2/1995. s.7-19 • PETRJÁNOŠOVÁ, M., MASARYK,R., LÁŠTICOVÁ, B. (Ed.). 2008. Kvalitatívny výskum vo verejnom priestore. In. Human Communication studies vol.10. s. Kabinet výskumu sociálnej a biologickej komunikácie SAV Bratislava. ISBN: 9788090098190 • POPELKOVÁ,K. 1995. Urbánna etnológia – východiská a trendy. In. Etnologické rozpravy 21/1995, s. 124-151 • POPELKOVÁ, K. 1990. Možnosti využitia obecných kroník v národopise. In: Múzeum, 25, 3/1990, s. 18-19. • SALNER,P. 1982. K teoretickým problémom etnografického výskumu mesta. In. Slovenský národopis 30, č.2, s.211-218 • SPRADLEY,J.P. 1980. Participant observation. USA : Wadsworth group/Thomson Learning. p.183 ISBN:0-03-044501-9 • SPRADLEY,J.P. The Ethnographic Interview. USA: Wadsworth group/Thomson Learning. p.247 ISBN-13: 978-0-03-044496-8 • VANĚK, M.,MUCKE, P., PELIKÁNOVÁ,H. 2007. Naslouchat hlasum paměti. Teoretické a praktické aspekty orální historie. Praha: Ústav pro soudobé dějiny AV ČR. 224s. ISBN: 978-80-7285-089-1 • Zbušková, Z. 1992. Európsky cintorín. In: Projekt revue slovenskej architektúry, roč. 34, 1992, č.6, s. 70-71.

  8. Thank you for your attention

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