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Example of a single national regulator responsible for both transport safety and security

Explore the example of Finland's STUK, a single national regulator responsible for both transport safety and security. Learn about their roles, responsibilities, and the importance of coordination in regulatory control.

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Example of a single national regulator responsible for both transport safety and security

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  1. Example of a single national regulator responsible for both transport safety and security Anna Lahkola PhD, Senior Inspector STUK, Finland P. Karhu, A. Lahkola, M. Markkanen, S. Hellstén IAEA/CN-187/2B/2 Vienna 18 October 2011

  2. Safety and security (and safeguards), 3S • have a common purpose: • to protect people, society, the environment and future generations from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation • measures contribute to one or both of the other S‘s... • ... but some requirements conflict each other • coordination is needed in the regulatory control • in Finland all three S´s are concentrated in one organisation, STUK

  3. Three roles of STUK • Regulatory Body • use of nuclear reactors • nuclear waste and materials • use of radiation • Research Centre • radioactive substances in the environment • health effects of radiation • radon mitigation and prevention • Expert Organisation • national preparedness for radiation accidents • training of users of radiation • information and advice to public and other authorities

  4. Figures indicate staff number (344) at the end of 2010. Organisation Nuclear Waste and Materials Regulation DG's office 9 29 Nuclear Reactor Regulation 110 Public Communication Radiation Practices Regulation 4 41 Emergency Preparedness Research and Environmental Surveillance 84 4 Expert Services Non-ionising Radiation 8 10 Administration, Internal Services and Information Management 45

  5. Regulatory control of transports in STUK • Nuclear Waste and Nuclear Materials Regulation holds the overall responsibility concerning the control of nuclear materials transport; expertise on transport safety • Nuclear Reactor Regulation provides expertise on nuclear security • Radiation Practises Regulation is responsible for the control of the transports of other radioactive materials (2 S) • In house cooperation in transport issues between all three departments is needed

  6. About safety and security (2 S) in transport • must be taken into account when establishing, implementing and maintaining the national control regime • state level, operator systems level and operator measures level • share a principle of risk-based, graded approach • have measures contributing to each other • material accountancy, access control, containment… • may sometimes have conflicting requirements • distribution of information of materials and transport schedules, markings on packages and vehicles → Integration of requirements is essential

  7. Roles and responsibilities in Finland • Ministry of Transport and Communications holds the highest management and guidance for the provisions and regulations concerning dangerous goods transports • Police enforces the compliance with regulations in dangerous goods transports on road • Customs and border guard control the dangerous goods transports arriving to of leaving from Finland • If something unusual takes place: • in incidents involving unlawful activities, the police leads the cooperation • in accidents, the rescue authorities lead the cooperation

  8. STUK’s responsibilities in transport control • STUK oversees the radioactive material transports in cooperation with police, customs, border guard and defence forces • STUK is the competent authority for class 7 transports and responsible for the regulatory control of the use of nuclear energy and the use of radiation • STUK grants the licenses for nuclear material transports • a license is needed with some exceptions due to the amount of material • for other radioactive material no transport license is required • STUK grants the approval for the design of transport packages (class 7)

  9. STUK’s actions in transport control • regulatory requirements for nuclear energy and for radiation use; YVL and ST Guides • approval of plans for safety, security and emergency preparedness (nuclear material transports) • inspections of transport arrangements (nuclear and other radioactive material) and single transports (nuclear material) • safety and security measures are inspected at the same time • in house cooperation in transport issues at STUK is essential and is working fine

  10. Experience in Finland • a single regulatory authority ensures that the requirements for safety and security are consistent • cooperation between different authorities is an everyday routine • in a small country a clear division and respect of competence and responsibilities is essential • STUK acts as a fixed contact point for professionals and the public • for international cooperation, STUK is easily identifiable as a point of contact but still... the cooperation is essential; in house, nationally and internationally!

  11. Thank you! Questions? anna.lahkola@stuk.fi

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