Middleware for Grid Computing and the relationship to Middleware at large

1. Middleware for Grid Computing and therelationship to Middleware at large ECE 1770 : Middleware Systems By: Sepehr (Sep) Seyedi Date: Thurs. January 23, 2003

3. What is Grid Computing? • Definition of the Grid • Controlled sharing of geographically distributed resources • Virtual Organization • Analogy with power grids • Consistent, pervasive, dependable, and transparent access to electricity from different sources • Characteristics of a Grid • No centralized control center • Heterogeneity (of resources) • Scalability • Dynamic and Adaptable

4. Presented early to see relevance to the design methodologies in grid middleware Classifications of Applications/Uses: Computational Service Inherent part of ALL applications Data Service Scalable storage and access to distributed datasets Application Service Example: like web services Information Service Example: WWW portal Knowledge Service Example: data mining Applications

5. A Layered View of a Grid Grid Application • Available as APIs: global resource management: resource brokers, … • Available as APIs: global resource management: resource brokers, … • Computers, supercomputers, storage devices, instruments … User-level Middleware User-level Middleware Core Middleware Core Middleware Grid Fabric • Process management, co-allocation of resources, storage access, security, information registry and discovery, …. • Process management, co-allocation of resources, storage access, security, information registry and discovery, ….

6. Middleware Overview • Many organizations involved • ex: Global Grid Forum and Globus User-level & Core ASPECTS • Components • Security • Secure communications (SSL) • Distributed security infrastructure • Manage user credentials to selectingappropriate resources • Data Management • Transferring data throughout the grid and to users • Globus: GridFTP • Deals with high-performance, security and reliability • Information Management • Information DB about resources • Availability, capabilities, … • Resource Management

7. Resource Management ? Types of resources needed ? Application Resource Broker job Resource Broker  Specifications of requests Resource Information Manager Query Multi-request Resource Co-allocator request request request Local Resource Manager Local Resource Manager Local Resource Manager Service/Resource Service/Resource Service/Resource Service/Resource Service/Resource Service/Resource

8. Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) • Global Grid Forum (www.gridforum.org) driving force behind OGSA • Promoting a standard and open architecture for interfaces to resources • Assuring proper uniform behavior of all resources and interoperability in a heterogeneous environment

9. The Grid Service • Implemented as special a Web service • Standardized behavior  Standardized interfaces • Standard interfaces in terms of Web Services Description Language (WSDL)  GSDL • Implementation independent • The grid service is able to live on any host environment that supports web services. • Examples: J2EE, .NET, C, Python, … which cover most existing operating systems

10. The Grid Service Interface • Grid Services must support: • Discovery • Registry: holds information about service instances • Dynamic Service (instance) creation • Factory: creates service instances • Lifetime management • Life length, termination of service in case of failure of resource • Notification • Manageability • Monitoring and managing service instances • Grid Services can also provide (custom) application services, like web services

11. How does a Grid Service work? • Client uses a Grid service interface • A grid service instance is created from a Factory with the help of a Registry • The grid service instances run with appropriate resources automatically allocated • New instances can allocated and destroyed dynamically, to benefit performance • Example: A web serving environment could dynamically allocate extra instances to provide consistent user response time

12. Database Service Database Service DB 1 DB n Simple Invocation Example User Invocation … … Factory Service Instance Service Instance Service Instance Real Services -EJB -Java Class Service Instance Service Instance Service Instance … Service Instance Service Instance Service Instance Registry Compute service provider

13. Hierarchical Use of Grid Services Collective Services Environment Simple Hosting Environment Virtual Hosting Environment

14. Relationship with Middleware at large • Distributed Computing • Grid computing itself can be thought of as a distributed system • Differs by providing a controlled, dynamic resource-sharing framework that addresses the requirements of a grid • Comparison to CORBA, J2EE, and .NET • Grid computing can be used as a building block in other middleware systems • ‘Too much middleware’ • Benefiting other middleware technologies • Web services is making advances due to grid services

15. Conclusions • Characteristics of a grid relevant to middleware • Common design methodologies in grid middleware • Grid Services and open standardization • New and existing middleware systems are beginning to adopt core grid middleware to become easily ‘grid-enhanced’

16. Thank You!Any Questions ?? CHECKOUT www.gridcomputing.com for more information on Grid Computing!