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ASSESSMENT WITH TRIAGE. Pat Glass, R.N. Jessamine County Schools Director Nursing Services Health Services Coordinator. School Emergencies. Be prepared for all types of emergencies:
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ASSESSMENT WITH TRIAGE Pat Glass, R.N. Jessamine County Schools Director Nursing Services Health Services Coordinator
School Emergencies • Be prepared for all types of emergencies: Injuries – playground, physical education, lab-related, shop classes (wood shop, Agriculture, mechanics, etc.) Weather related emergencies – tornado, earthquake, frostbite, etc. Explosion School shooter Train Derailment Nuclear threat Fire
TRIAGE Triage – “sorting” Triage Categories Emergent Urgent Non-urgent
TRIAGE • Process: Assessment Intervention Evaluation Disposition
Triage Color Codes • Black – deceased or dying • Red – immediate care required (correctable, life-threatening :emergent) • Yellow – Delayed (serious but not life-threatening : urgent ) • Green – Minor (non-emergent, minimal care)
Establish Areas • Establish treatment areas: Triage Disaster First Aid Continuity of Care Disposition of patients (whether released to parents or transported to hospital) Documentation
Triage (Cont.) • Primary Triage – Quickly assess • Secondary Triage – Match patients with current resources, perform initial treatment, and prioritize for transport Remember – Additional resources and personnel will arrive. First Goal is to “create order out of chaos”. Providing care to as many as possible with the resources at hand.
TRIAGE (Cont.) • Documentation must include: Assessment Triage Category Intervention Response to intervention Disposition (make sure that info is communicated to private physician &/or ER staff)
TRIAGE • Follow-up Communicate with family, private doctor, EMS staff, &/or ER staff in order to document the outcome for the student’s records.
Students with Special Needs This can address many different scenarios. Students with chronic health conditions such as diabetes, asthma, epilepsy, and students who require a wheelchair, ventilator, oxygen therapy, suctioning, tube feedings, etc.. This also relates to a need for accessing emergency medications.
Students with Special Needs (Cont.) These students will need quick assessment and continuity of care. Employees that are currently assigned to these students during school hours will be excellent resources in during the disposition and follow-up phases of triage.
MASS CASUALTY/DISASTERS • Have a PLAN!!!!!! 1. Who in the building is trained in CPR & First Aid? 2. How quickly can you access help from the other schools? 3. Do your nurses have “ER to-go kits”? 4. Where are you going to put bodies? 5. Do you have an area designated for parents to pick up their children? Classroom lists, ER cards, Sign out process
DISASTER/MASS CASUALTY PLANNING • Sign out process – how to insure that student has been assessed before leaving • “HOLD IN PLACE” situation: Students that have medical needs, such as medication, tube feedings, O2 therapy, dietary needs, catheterizations, etc. Is the teacher or IA in the classroom trained well enough to handle the medical needs if no medical person can get to that classroom for several hours? Medical Supplies – Extra ER supplies at each location. Need enough to handle basic needs until able to release students or help arrives.
DEVELOP A PLAN • Meet with local agencies to coordinate the best plan Police EMS Fire Health Dept. Emergency Management Coord.
RESOURCES • Disaster Preparedness Guidelines for School Nurses, (NASN publication) • “The Role of School Nurses in Emergency Management Planning” Deborah Strouse, RN,BSN, Med, NCSN (School Nurse Columbus City Schools) • CDC website