Review ch 11 Complex Patterns of Inheritance

1. Review ch 11 Complex Patterns of Inheritance Biology

2. Types of Inheritance you should know • Incomplete Dominance • Co-dominance • Multiple Alleles • Epistasis • Sex Determination • Dosage Compensation • Sex-Linked Traits • Polygenic Traits • Environmental Influences

3. What type of Inheritance is shown in the following slides? • On a blank sheet of paper, write your name, class hour, and number it from #1-12. • Work with your table partner to determine the types of inheritance patterns from the following examples………->

4. 1. ______________ • The image shows a heterozygote both the dominant normal red blood cell and the recessive sickle cell present at the same time. • Heterozygous individuals are able to live relatively normal lives

5. 2. ______________ • The heterozygote is an intermediate phenotype between the dominant and recessive phenotypes.

6. 3. _________________ • Some traits exhibit many phenotypes and vary across a broad range. • Height of a person • Hand and foot size • Hair color • Skin color • Eye color • Many genes on different chromosomes give unlimited phenotype possibilities

7. 4. ______________ • Both alleles are expressed in the heterozygous condition • A red shorthorn bull may be all red, all white, or a combination of red and white hair in the heterozygous (roan cattle)

8. 5. ______________ • This inheritance can also show a hierarchy of dominance from just 4 alleles

9. Two answers needed: 6. ____and______ • Blood groups in Humans have three alleles, two are dominant and one is recessive. • Both dominant alleles show as individual phenotypes when combined in heterozygotes

10. 7. ______________ • A person’s gender is determined by just one set of chromosomes. If the y chromosome is present, the offspring will be a male.

11. 8. ______________ • This inheritance pattern event occurs in females of all mammals as they have XX while males have Xy. This is also called X-inactivation. Example: Calico cats can only be female

12. 9. ______________ • This inheritance pattern results when one allele hides the effect of another allele. • Dominant E allele will determine if the coat will have any dark pigment • Dominant B allele determines how dark the pigment will be

13. 10. ______________ • This inheritance pattern is more likely to be present in males than in females. Traits are found on the X chromosome which men only have Xy

14. 11. _____&_____ • This inheritance is more likely to be present in males than females, and females could be a “carrier” without showing any symptoms. • Can males be a carrier of a recessive hemophilia allele? _______

15. 12. What has to happen for a girl to be colorblind? • _________________

16. 13. What can we learn from a Karyotype?Give two answers:_______ and _______

17. Answers: • 1. codominance • 2. incomplete dominance • 3. polygenic inheritance • 4. codominance • 5. multiple alleles • 6. multiple alleles and codominance • 7. sex determination • 8. dosage compensation • 9. epistasis • 10. x-linked • 11. x-linked, no • 12. A girl who is colorblind must get a colorblind gene from her mom and her dad must be colorblind (XbXb) • 13. number of chromosomes, sex of offspring, if any nondisjunctions have occured