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OPTIMA Optimisation for Sustainable Water Resources Management

This case study examines the challenges and opportunities for optimising water resources management in the Gediz River Basin in Turkey. It explores the hydrology, water use patterns, legal and institutional factors, and the need for optimisation to ensure sustainable water management. Key issues include increasing water demand, competition among users, and water quality concerns. The study also evaluates the institutional framework and proposes a unified coordinating mechanism for allocating water. Available hydrometeorological and water quality data are utilized, and modelling practices and socio-economic analysis are conducted to develop sustainable scenarios.

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OPTIMA Optimisation for Sustainable Water Resources Management

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  1. OPTIMAOptimisation for Sustainable Water Resources Management The Case of the Gediz River in Turkey 28–30 October 2004 Senglea, MALTA

  2. INTRODUCTION Case: Gediz River Basin in Turkey • hydrology • water use patterns • legal, institutional, environmental factors • optimization

  3. Population:1.700.000 Istanbul Extent:18000 km2 Gediz Basin Izmir

  4. Boundaries and Municipalities Simav Demirci Gediz Akhisar Manisa Usak Turgutlu Menemen Salihli Alasehir IZMIR Odemis

  5. LAKES, RESERVOIRS and WEIRS

  6. KEY ISSUES Demographic Change Basin Population 1,5 % /year 19702000 “1.100.000” “1.700.000” INTERNAL MIGRATION RURAL TO URBAN: RAPID URBANIZATION Urban population 2% /year Rural population 0.7% /year Land Use Change • Urban Areas 2% /year • Industrial Areas 10% /year INCREASING WATER DEMAND: COMPETITION AMONG USERS

  7. KEY ISSUES Supply (61mm)Demand (49.6mm) • Domestic demand0.15 mm/year,2% • Industrial demand0.3 mm/year,10% “NO WATER MAY BE LEFT FOR FURTHER ALLOCATION!”

  8. Discharges W. Q. CLASS IV (acc. Turkish W.Q.C. Standards) Water Quality 60% of Surface Water 30% of Ground Water “VERY POLLUTED!!”

  9. Surface Water Groundwater Wastewater Ag Returns level) level) level) Facilities Facilities Facilities Facilities Distribute Facilities Facilities Facilities Facilities Water Facilities Quality Quality Key Actors Quality Ecology Quality Quality Quality Water Water Against Quality Quality basin- basin- basin- Construct Construct Construct Construct Distribute Withdraw/ Maintain Maintain Maintain Flooding Maintain Allocate Allocate Operate Enforce Enforce Monitor Monitor Monitor Monitor Protect Ensure Protect Ensure Plan ( Plan ( Plan ( Water DSI v l l l l l v v l l l l v Irrigation Associations v l l v Other Irrigators v v l l v l l l MoE v v v l Local Governments l l l v l l Industries v l l l l l l Provinces (MoI) v NGOs Bank of the Provinces l ( IB) Note: indicates activity; indicates limited activity. l v

  10. KEY ISSUES Institutional Evaluation: Limited planning for surface water No planning for groundwater and waste disposal Water is allocated by different institutions, there is a lack of cooperation Water quality monitoring is insufficient for information production There is no public awareness for irrigation return flow quality NGO’s are not involved in management

  11. GEDIZ BASIN:trend from a water rich basin to one that is closing due to: • Drought of 1989-1994 • Above average increase in urban and industrial demand (COMPETITION FOR WATER) • Issues of water quality and environmental protection (concerns for the wetland) • Slower institutional response in water allocation and management

  12. IMPORTANT ISSUES: • The increasingly apparent need for a unified coordinating mechanism for allocating water among various uses to replace existing bilateral processes. • The continuing struggle between older long-established institutions dealing with water resource development and water allocation and emerging institutions concerned primarily with water quality and environmental issues.

  13. IMPORTANT ISSUES: • The need to represent and protect the interests of certain water users, such as the Gediz Delta ecology and the Irrigation Associations. • The need for clear rules assigning responsibility for setting water quality and quantity standards and monitoring actual conditions and for sufficient political power and will to sanction violators of the standards.

  14. Available Hydrometeorological Data • Daily Precipitation • Average temperature • Relative humidity METEO FLOW by DSI FLOW by EIE

  15. Available Water Quality Data Monitoring period: bimonthly

  16. Available Geographical Data DEM SOIL MAP RIVER LAND COVER

  17. Background Studies SMART (Sustainable Management of Scarce Resources in the Coastal Zone) Modeling Practices Socio-economic Analysis and Scenario Construction Telemac LUC Waterware

  18. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND SCENARIO CONSTRUCTION In SMART project, Economical, social and environmental dimensions are considered and emphasized that the sustainability is in the cross-section of these three dimensions. Threescenarios are considered: -Business as usual -Optimistic -Pessimistic For each scenario, sustainability indicators are determined, and all scenarios are compared each other.

  19. Outer Bay Gediz Delta Izmir Inner Bay Inner Bay Middle Bay TELEMAC TELEMAC will answer the following questions: • What is the current pollution distribution in the bay? • How much pollution comes from Gediz River to the inner bay?

  20. WATERWARE CompletedSteps: • Nodes and reaches have been identified, • Overall basin topology has been constructed, • Gediz river network has been identified on web-based scenario editor, • Future hydraulic structures like dams, irrigation schemes have been identified, • Streamflow data have been compiled, • Meteorological data have been compiled, • Irrigation districts’ data (crop pattern, irrigation methods, irrigated area etc.) have been compiled.

  21. WATERWARE

  22. WATERWARE IN PROGRESS Steps in progress: • Data compilation • Reaches (length, water depth, weight fact. etc.) • Domestic return flows (assumption???) • Industrial return flows (assumption???) • Basin-out water transfers • Reservoirs-lakes Control node locations

  23. WATERWARE Future Steps: Data upload, Model calibration, and evaluating results, Additional model runs regarding water supply and demand relations and regulations in identified future scenarios.

  24. LAND USE CHANGE MODEL (LUC) IN PROGRESS 1x1 km spatial resolution Classified Land Cover Info ~30m spatial resolution Landsat ETM (2000) ~30m spatial resolution Landsat TM (1987) Data Status: • Ready for each sub-catchments (1x1km) • Landsat images are still processed

  25. SUMER CONTRIBUTION IN OPTIMA PROJECT C07 SUMER, TURKEY SUMER will contribute to; • the data compilation and analysis tasks, primarily for the hydrology andwater resources components, • assist with model implementation, • run the Turkish case study forthe Gediz river basin.

  26. SUMER CONTRIBUTION IN OPTIMA PROJECT Gediz Case Study: Start month:12 End month: 30 Total effort: 34 Deliverables: D08.1: Gediz River: Problem Analysis Month: 25 D08.2: Gediz River: Optimization Results Month: 34

  27. THANK YOU!

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