Revolutionary breakthroughs in Animation History

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2. Revolutionary breakthroughs in Animation History These 10 advancements have forever altered the animation world. You can see how these breakthroughs were so groundbreaking that many of the processes were still used decades later. If you now google “make me cartoon online”, you will find that you can credit a host of processes to these breakthroughs.

3. 1. The First Conventional Animated Film The French artist Émile Cohl is credited with the Fantasmagorie of 1908, the first-ever animated feature. A stick figure charging into morphing objects, the hand-drawn film tends to follow. By drawing every frame on a piece of paper and shooting it on film, Cohl made the film. In the video, there are a few scenes where Cohl's hands are noticeable while the photograph is taken.

4. 2. Synched Audio and Dialogue Oh Mabel, a seven-minute animated brief that used Phonofilm to synchronize sound and footage, was released by the brothers Max and Dave Fleischer in 1924. "It was the first animated film to have a synced dialogue and character - a dog barking," Follow the ball, and join everybody!"This short was published in the notorious 1928 Steamboat Willie cartoon, which introduced the world to Mickey Mouse, four years before Walt Disney mastered synchronization. 3. The Multiplane Camera Walt Disney (and his team headed by William Garity) devised a modern device called the multiplane camera to move away from the previously one-dimensional role of animation. A variety of glass panes with individual components painted on them are used for the device. Above all the planes of glass, a camera was set high and a picture was taken. Then they moved individual panes and took another shot. This created a three-dimensional universe in which elements would shift independently from those in the background to the foreground. The system was first tested in The Old Mill, short in 1937. Realistic animal and weather models, as well as sophisticated lighting and color effects, were used in the finished version. The Old Mill won an Oscar for Best Short Subject, Cartoons, for this incredible work. The Disney team made improvements to the machine to work on the first feature-length animated film ever, leading to our next big breakthrough.

5. 4. Cel-Animated FeatureWithout mentioning the animated 1937 film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, you cannot write about animation breakthroughs. The film was a major critical and commercial hit, produced by Walt Disney, which is remarkable for a film that so many felt would bankrupt Disney. Disney and his limited crew managed to get the film done in time using the multiplane camera used in The Old Mill.The wager paid off. Snow White, once known as Disney's Folly, has stood the test of time and is still one of the most popular and influential animated movies ever made.

6. 5. First Animated TV Program for Primetime With their outstanding catalog of television shows, Hanna-Barbera carried numerous characters into the homes of viewers. For their efforts on The Huckleberry Hound Show, which also contributed to the Yogi Bear spinoff, they won an Emmy in the 1950s. But it was their work that really changed animation in the 1960s. Hanna-Barbera created The Flintstones for ABC, the very first primetime animated show, from 1960 to 1966. Until the launch of The Simpsons, it was the most financially profitable animated franchise. The Flintstones had the perfect mix of comedy from the stone age and family life of the 1960s. A related primetime series, The Jetsons, as well as other animation hits such as Johnny Quest and Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!, were also produced by Hanna-Barbera.

7. 6. Xerographic Chester Carlson later invented an electrophotographic (or dry photocopying) technique called Xerography in 1942. (The word comes from xeros - dry and graphia - writing in Greek). This technique for animation was adapted by Disney legend Ub Iwerks, first exploring its use during the development of Sleeping Beauty and the short film Goliath II. It would be the Disney iconic One Hundred and One Dalmations of 1961 that actually used xerography for the first time in an entire production of feature-length. Up until 1989, Xerography became the main animation process at Walt Disney Studios.

8. 7. A machine Animated arm University of Utah scientists Ed Catmull and Fred Parke created a computer-animated short of the left hand of Catmull in 1972. 350 triangles and polygons were used by a Computer Animated Hand to produce a 3D model. In a software produced by Catmull himself, the model was then created. The job was spectacular. Never had anything like this been done before. Catmull would see himself pitching his software and animation technique in front of Disney executives, but the studio had little interest in using animated film computers. They asked if Catmull would create Disney World rides like Space Mountain using his software with Imagineers. At the New York Institute of Technology, Catmull eventually developed the Computer Graphics Lab and later founded the Lucasfilm Graphics Department at George Lucas. They later sold the computer division to Apple Computer and renamed it Pixar. In 2011, the US Library of Congress, adding it to the National Film Registry, branded the short animated film culturally, historically, or aesthetically important. So now, if you say “turn me into a cartoon” or “comic version of me”, and actually receive promising results quickly, this is the technique that made it possible.

9. 8. First Feature Film with Live-Action and Cartoon Animation Since the early times of animation, the technique of live action actors communicating with animated characters has been used. In reality, some of Walt Disney's initial short films, featuring a real girl as Alice encountering animated characters, were based on Alice in Wonderland. It wouldn't have been until 1988's Who Framed Roger Rabbit, however, for a live action actor and an animated character to share the screen in a feature film all the time. The film was made on a budget of $30 million, which was the most costly animated film ever green-lit at the time. To shoot the actors, the movie used blue screen technology, and the animated characters were added using traditional cell animation methods. With the film's budget ballooning over $50 million, post-production lasted for fourteen months. For composition, the animated footage was sent to Industrial Light and Magic. Upon launch, a critical acclaim and box office hit was in for Who Framed Roger Rabbit. It was the year's second top grossing film. The movie was nominated for seven Academy Awards, walking away with four, including a Special Achievement Prize for the direction of animation and development of the cartoon characters by Richard Williams.

10. 9. Computer Animation Production System (CAPS)In the late 1970s, the Computer Graphics facility at NYIT first formed a scan and paint scheme for cel animation. In post-production, this was the basis of a digital ink and paint programme used to colour films digitally. The purpose was to input the sketches of an animator into a computer. The machine will then recognise the individual lines and allow users to fill in coloured shapes.The Computer Animation Production Systems, or CAPS, were tested at the end of the Little Mermaid feature film in 1989. At the end of the movie, CAPS was used to colour the rainbow series. CAPS was used to colour the entire 1990 feature, The Rescuers Down Under, following its accomplishment.CAPS will continue to develop the integration of 2D and 3D, allowing animators to colour sequences featuring hand-drawn characters in digital spaces such as Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, The Lion King, and Notre Dame's Hunchback. CAPS was used until 2004, when Disney closed its 2D animation studio and gradually replaced it in favour of 3D computer animated films.

11. 10. Computer Animated Feature Film Pixar Animation Studios aimed to fulfil their original target of making the very first feature-length software animated film after producing the first ever CGI short film, The Adventures of Andre and Wally B. With the technology of Ed Catmull and the creativity and storytelling of John Lasseter, Pixar's leadership and work would affect every animation studio worldwide.Not only was the 1995 animated film Toy Story revolutionary in that it was the first computer animated feature, it established the workflow of computer animation that has now been adapted for new technology, but is still mostly in place today. Catmull and Lasseter have proceeded to push the technical limits of their animated films – continually created new technology and hardware to manage the vast quantities of data - something they even do to this day as leaders of Walt Disney Animation and Pixar.These breakthroughs in animation have been the pioneers in shaping the world of animation today. Whether it is computer animated feature films, or animated caricature stills, the influence of early animation is still visible.

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