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Understanding the Behavior of Gases: Laws and Changes of State

This overview explores the unique properties of gas particles compared to solids and liquids, emphasizing the significant space between them and defining key concepts such as volume. The content covers Boyle’s Law, highlighting the inverse relationship between the volume and pressure of a gas, and introduces Charles’s Law, which states that volume increases with temperature. It further describes state changes—melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation—and explains the energy changes involved in these processes, including exothermic and endothermic reactions.

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Understanding the Behavior of Gases: Laws and Changes of State

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Behavior of Gasses

  2. Read p.70-71 • What makes gas particles different from solids and liquids? • There is lots of space between the particles • What is the space that gas particles occupy called? • Volume • What causes a change in the pressure of a gas? • Temperature and pressure

  3. Boyle’s Law • Read the paragraph on Boyle’s Law on p.72 • Describe Boyle’s Law • The volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. • Pressure goes up, volume goes down. • Volume goes up, the pressure goes down. • The Ideal Gas Law

  4. Charles’s Law • Read p.72 • Describe Charles’s Law • When the temperature increases, so does the volume. • If the temperature decreases, so does the volume • Charles's Law Experiment

  5. Changes of State • Skim through pages 74-79 • List the 5 changes of state • Melting: solid to liquid • Freezing: liquid to solid • Evaporation: liquid to gas • Condensation: gas to liquid • Sublimation: solid to gas

  6. Read p.74 • Define change of state. • The change of a substance from one physical form to another • What must happen to change from one state to another? • You must add or remove energy

  7. Read p.75 • What is melting? • The change of state from a solid to a liquid • What is a melting point? • It is the temperature in which a solid will melt • What type of property is a melting point? • Physical property

  8. Continued • What is the changing of state from a liquid to a solid? • Freezing • What must be removed for something to freeze? • Energy • What type of change is freezing? • Exothermic

  9. Read p.76 • What is evaporation? • The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas • What is boiling? • The change of a liquid to a vapor • What is the temperature at which a liquid boils? • Boiling point

  10. Read p.77 • As you increase in atmospheric pressure, the temperature at which water boils ________. • Decreases • What is condensation? • The temperature at which gas becomes a liquid • What must happen for a gas to become a liquid? • Particles must clump together

  11. Read p.78 • What is sublimation? • The change of state in which a solid changes directly into a gas • Why Is sublimation an endothermic change? • Because energy is gained

  12. Draw these • Figure 1 p.74 • Figure 3 p.76

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