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Wilson’s New Freedom

Wilson’s New Freedom. Progressive ideals Attack concentration of power, give greater freedom Attack “ triple wall of privilege” Trusts Tariffs High Finance * Workers rights. Action Against Trusts. Monopolies should be destroyed

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Wilson’s New Freedom

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  1. Wilson’s New Freedom • Progressive ideals • Attack concentration of power, give greater freedom • Attack “triple wall of privilege” • Trusts • Tariffs • High Finance * Workers rights

  2. Action Against Trusts • Monopolies should be destroyed • Clayton Antitrust Act: outlawed practices that restricted competition • Cannot acquire stock of another if it creates a monopoly. • Can’t limit competition in stores based upon another’s product • Can’t charge different people different prices • Labor/Farm unions can exist and are protected • Strikes, boycotts, peaceful picketing were legal

  3. Antitrust Legislation • Federal Trade Commission (FTC): monitor US business • Investigate violations of regulation • Require reports from corporations • Ended many unfair trade practices, those that hurt competition • 400 cease and desist orders to companies for illegal activities

  4. New Tax System • Curb BIG Business by reducing tariff rates; assist consumers and manufacturers • Improve products, lower $ to keep up with foreign competition • Underwood Tariff Act: Cut tariff rates for 1st time since Civil War (lost revenue?) • 16th Amendment (1913): Graduated Federal Income Tax – More income, higher tax • Provided more revenue, still main source of revenue today

  5. High Finance Reform • Banking failures led Wilson to seek public confidence in US banking. Federal Reserve Act of 1913: Divided nation into 12 districts, a regional bank in each • National supervision, set interest rates • Held portion of deposits for emergencies • Could transfer funds between banks • Serves as banking system today • Very significant US legislation * Page 310 provides more info

  6. Women Win Suffrage 2 main groups • National Woman Suffrage Association *Constitutional Amendment • American Woman Suffrage Association * State gov’ts 1st then amendment The 2 form National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

  7. 19th Amendment • Civil Disobedience led Alice Paul to form National Woman’s Party • Carrie Chapman Catt led NAWSA to help pass a Senate vote • 1920 19th Amendment ratified Alice Paul Carrie Chapman Catt

  8. Legacy of the Progressive Era • Progressive Presidents expanded role of Federal Government and power of the President • US citizens expect government to solve social and economic issues • Failure to protect from racial/religious discrimination • Progressivism takes back seat to global conflict • For Wilson, 1st Imperialism issues and now World War

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