APUSH Content Review #1

1. APUSH Content Review #1 Unit 1 (Colonies) Unit 2 (American Revolution-Constitution)

2. Colonial History Review

3. Jamestown survived as the first permanent British settlement in America because of • the emergence of tobacco as a cash crop • the mild climate of Virginia • its use of Indian slaves as a labor force • the religious convictions of its first settlers

4. The Pilgrims were also known as Separatists because they: • wanted to separate Plymouth from the Massachusetts Bay colony • believed in the complete separation of church and state • broke all ties with the Church of England • tried to isolate the Native Americans from white settlers

5. In founding the colony of Georgia, James Oglethorpe's primary purpose was to • provide a refuge for persecuted English Quakers • gain a base for launching English expeditions against Spanish Florida • provide a refuge for persecuted Christians from all parts of Europe • provide a refuge for English debtors

6. The Mayflower Compact could best be described as • a detailed frame of government • a complete constitution • a foundation for self-government • an list of the causes for leaving England and coming to America

7. What was a proprietary colony? • a colony like Virginia that was run like a business • a colony like Pennsylvania that was sponsored by a religious group • a colony like Massachusetts that was forced to acknowledge the king • a colony like New Jersey that was run as a privately owned estate

8. In the 17c, the Great Migration refers to the • settlement of the Puritans in Massachusetts and other colonies • immigration of Irish to the colonies • expansion of white settlement across the Appalachian Mountains • trade in slaves between West Africa and the West Indies

9. The Virginia House of Burgesses and the New England town meetings were similar in that they • originated in a New England colony • were completely independent of colonial governors • were both responsible to the established church of the colony • represented colonial participation in government

10. In the early 1600s, migrants to New England differed from those in the Chesapeake because • New England settlement was sponsored by individual proprietors • New Englanders immigrated in family groups • in the harsher climate of New England led to higher death tolls • New England immigrants tended to be motivated by a desire for wealth

11. The headright system adopted in Virginia • determined the eligibility of a settler for voting and holding office • toughened the laws applying to indentured servants • prohibited the settlement of single men and women in the colony • gave 50 acres to anyone who would transport an indentured servant to the colony

12. Which of the following was NOT involved in the colonial Triangular Trade network? • rum • slaves • cotton • tobacco

13. The theory of mercantilism would be consistent with which statements?: • economies prosper most when trade is restricted as little as possible • colonies are of little economic importance to the mother country • it is vital that a country imports more than it exports • a government should direct the economy so as to maximize exports

14. The long-range purpose of the Albany Congress in 1754 was to • achieve colonial unity and common defense against the French threat • propose independence of the colonies from Britain • declare war on the Iroquois nation • prohibit New England and New York from trading with the West Indies

15. Prior to 1763, the British policy of "salutary neglect“: • allowed royal colonies to elect their own governors • did not enforce the Navigation Acts • encouraged colonists to establish their own parliament • withdrew British soldiers from North America

16. Bacon's Rebellion was supported mainly by • the planter class of Virginia • young men frustrated by their inability to acquire land • those protesting the increased importation of African slaves • people from Jamestown only

17. What did the Great Awakening and inter-colonial trade have in common • they created disdain for England • they contributed to a growing sense of shared American identity • they created a rebellious spirit in America • they helped create imperial rivalry between England and France

18. Voyages of European Exploration

20. Voyages of European Exploration

22. North America after 1763 “Salutary Neglect” ? “Parliamentary Sovereignty” ? “Virtual Representation” ? America in 1750 America in 1763

23. American Revolution Review

24. Which was NOT a result of the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War)? • France lost Canada • England incurred high war costs • England gained Louisiana • England made a decision to reinvigorate the mercantile system

25. According to the Proclamation of 1763 • colonial militiamen were required to put down Pontiac's Rebellion • contact between colonials and Indians was strictly forbidden • settlers were prohibited from crossing the Appalachians • speculators could purchase land from trans-Appalachian tribes

26. England passed the Stamp Act in 1765 to • punish Americans for protests to the Sugar Act • raise money to reduce England's national debt • allow for illegal search-and-seizure of smugglers • allow Americans to settle the Ohio River Valley

27. Thomas Paine's Common Sense: • urged Americans to declare their independence • was a call for the abolition of slavery • insisted that colonists be allowed to elect representatives to Parliament • criticized the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

28. The most important consequence of the Boston Tea Party was the • repeal of the tax on tea • failure of other colonies to support Boston's action • opening of negotiations between Britain and Massachusetts • enactment by Parliament of the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts

29. The British response to the American claim of “no taxation without representation” was • colonial assemblies would be permitted to vote on all new taxes • taxes were used for internal improvements in the colonies • members of Parliament represented the interests of all British citizens • Parliament ended the majority of its taxes on the colonies

30. During the 1760s and 1770s the most effective tactic in gaining the repeal of the Stamp and Townshend Acts was • tarring&feathering British tax agents • sending petitions to the king and Parliament • boycotting British goods • destroying private property, such as tea, on which a tax to be levied

31. Which of the following contributed most to the American victory in the Revolution? • French military and financial assistance after Saratoga • the failure of Loyalists to participate in military action • a major American military victory at Valley Forge • the British failure to capture Philadelphia

32. What was the role of African-Americans in the American Revolution? • as the war dragged on, southern blacks were welcomed to enlist • Americans generally avoided arming blacks, but the British recruited slaves • though slaves, they rallied around the revolutionary ideas of freedom • Many slaves escaped and were welcomed in the North and Canada

33. Britain enjoyed all of the following advantages in the Revolution EXCEPT • the greatest navy and best-equipped army in the world • superior industrial resources • greater commitment to the conflict • a coherent structure of command

34. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 stipulated all of the following EXCEPT: • British recognition of American independence • boundaries of the USA to the Mississippi River • Americans allow British collection of prewar debts from colonists • Americans gained Florida from Spain

36. North America after the Treaty of Paris, 1783

37. “Critical Period” & Early National Period Review

38. Women emerged from the American Revolution with the new responsibility of: 0 • enjoying the vote • serving in local political office • becoming public school teachers • raising sons and daughters as good republican citizens

39. The Land Ordinance of 1785 established what precedent for new territories ? 0 • town hall meetings • fair treatment of Indians • popular sovereignty • public funds for education

40. The Judiciary Act of 1789 created 0 • a system of lower federal courts • elections for federal judges • the possibility of impeachment of federal officials • state courts

41. Which best reflects the economic hardships of the "Critical Period"? 0 • the Stamp Act Congress • the Northwest Ordinance • the Embargo Act of 1807 • Shay's Rebellion

42. During the 1790s, Federalists and Republicans disagreed over all of the following EXCEPT 0 • the Bank of the United States • foreign policy toward England and France • Hamilton’s funding & assumption plan • democracy versus republicanism

45. Three Branches of Government

46. Federalism—state gov’ts & the national gov’t both have power The supremacy clause establishes the Constitution (not the states) as the "the supreme law of the land" A state law cannot contradict a national law

48. Washington’s Cabinet Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of Treasury Henry Knox, Secretary of War George Washington, President Edmund Randolph, Attorney General Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State

50. ConstitutionReview