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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN 25 YEARS: Will We Need It?

AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN 25 YEARS: Will We Need It?. Prepared for the FASHP Colloquium Washington, DC Education Trust, 2003. What Do We Know About Student Achievement?. 12th Grade Achievement In Math and Science is Up Somewhat. High School Achievement: Math and Science.

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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN 25 YEARS: Will We Need It?

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  1. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN 25 YEARS: Will We Need It? Prepared for the FASHP Colloquium Washington, DC Education Trust, 2003

  2. What Do We Know About Student Achievement?

  3. 12th Grade Achievement In Math and Science is Up Somewhat

  4. High School Achievement: Math and Science Source: NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress.

  5. In Reading, 12th Grade Achievement is Headed Downward

  6. HIGH SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT: READING AND WRITING

  7. What about different groups of students?During seventies and eighties, much progress.

  8. Gaps Narrow 1970-88NAEP Reading 17 Year-Olds Source: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress (p. 107) Washington, DC: US Department of Education, August 2000

  9. Gaps Narrow 1973-86NAEP Math Scores, 13 Year-Olds Source: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress (p. 108) Washington, DC: US Department of Education, August 2000

  10. Between 1988-90, that progress came to a halt…and gaps began to widen once again.

  11. Gaps Narrow, Then Hold Steady or Widen: NAEP Math Scores, 17 Year-Olds 32 20 Source: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress (p. 108) Washington, DC: US Department of Education, August 2000

  12. After 1988, Gaps Mostly Widen NAEP Reading, 17 Year-Olds 21 31 Source: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress (p. 107) Washington, DC: US Department of Education, August 2000

  13. Some gains in elementary, even middle grades.

  14. But Value Added in High School Declining

  15. Value Added Declining in High School Math Age 13-17 Growth Source: NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress

  16. Reading: Students Entering Better Prepared, But Leaving Worse Source: NAEP 1996 Trends in Academic Progress

  17. Where are we now at the end of high school?

  18. African American and Latino 17 Year Olds Do Math at Same Levels As White 13 Year Olds Source: NAEP 1999 Long Term Trends Summary Tables (online)

  19. African American and Latino 17 Year Olds Read at Same Levels as White 13 Year Olds Source: Source: NAEP 1999 Long Term Trends Summary Tables (online)

  20. Not Surprisingly, These Patterns Also Clear in HS Graduation and College Entry Rates

  21. Even so, there is more access than success

  22. College Going vs. Completion of BA or Higher, Whites 19 10 Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, October Current Population Surveys, 1972-2000, in US DOE, NCES, The Condition of Education 2002, p.166 and 174.

  23. College Going vs. Completion of BA or Higher, Blacks 21 7 Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, October Current Population Surveys, 1972-2000, in US DOE, NCES, The Condition of Education 2002, p.166 and 174.

  24. College Going vs. Completion of BA or Higher, Hispanics ?? ##!!! Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, October Current Population Surveys, 1972-2000, in US DOE, NCES, The Condition of Education 2002, p.166 and 174.

  25. College Freshmen Graduating Within Six Years (NCAA Division I) Source: 1999 NCAA Division I Graduation Rates Report, p.636

  26. ADD IT ALL UP...

  27. Of Every 100 White Kindergartners: (24 Year-Olds) Source: US Bureau of Census, Current Population Reports, Educational Attainment in the United States; March 2000, Detailed Tables No. 2

  28. Of Every 100 African American Kindergartners: (24 Year-Olds) Source: US Bureau of Census, Current Population Reports, Educational Attainment in the United States; March 2000, Detailed Tables No. 2

  29. Of Every 100 Latino Kindergartners: (24 Year-Olds) Source: US Bureau of Census, Current Population Reports, Educational Attainment in the United States; March 2000, Detailed Tables No. 2

  30. College Graduates by Age 26 Source: Tom Mortenson, Research Seminar on Public Policy Analysis of Opportunity for Post Secondary.

  31. Even these numbers understate the problem, because there are big differences in the skills of college graduates

  32. Many College Graduates Demonstrate Weak Quantitative Literacy Skills Source: USDOE, OERI, Adult Literacy in America: A First Look at the Results of the National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS), 1992, September 1993, p. 26.

  33. CANCalculate postage and fees for certified mail CANDetermine difference in price between tickets for two shows CAN’TCalculate difference between regular and sale price from an advertisement using a calculator CAN’TPlan travel arrangements for meeting using flight schedule Description:Quantitative Literacy Level 2 Source: USDOE, NCES, National Adult Literacy Survey, 1992, in Literacy in the Labor Force: Results from the NALS, September 1999, p. 15.

  34. CANDetermine correct change using information on a menu CANUse information stated in news article to calculate amount of money it takes to raise a child CAN’TDetermine shipping and total costs on an order form for items in a catalog CAN’TUse information in news article to calculate difference in time for completing a race Description:Quantitative Literacy Level 3 Source: USDOE, NCES, National Adult Literacy Survey, 1992, in Literacy in the Labor Force: Results from the NALS, September 1999, p. 15.

  35. The Gap Widest At Highest Levels of Educational Attainment Gaps in Mean Literacy Proficiency Scores, by Educational Attainment Source: USDOE, OERI, Adult Literacy in America: A First Look at the Results of the National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS), 1992, September 1993, p. 36.

  36. INEVITABLE?

  37. What We Hear Adults Say: • They’re poor; • Their parents don’t care; • They come to schools without breakfast; • Not enough books • Not enough parents . . .

  38. But if they’re right, then why are poor and minority children performing so high in...

  39. Some schools...

  40. Mount Royal Elementary/Middle, Baltimore, MD • 99% African American • 73% Low-Income • Highest Performing in State on state’s 5th grade Math test. • Top 10% of state in 5th grade reading. MARYLAND

  41. Hambrick Middle School,Aldine, TX • 94% African American and Latino (state = 56%) • 85% low-income (state = 50%) • Has performed in the top fifth of all Texas middle schools in both reading and math in both 7th and 8th grades over a 3-year period.

  42. Source: Education Trust analysis of data from National School-Level State Assessment Score Database (www.schooldata.org).

  43. Source: Education Trust analysis of data from National School-Level State Assessment Score Database (www.schooldata.org).

  44. Source: Education Trust analysis of data from National School-Level State Assessment Score Database (www.schooldata.org).

  45. Some districts...

  46. Aldine, TX: Raising Achievement for All While Narrowing Gaps Source: Texas Education Agency-Academic Excellence Indicator System Report 1994 through 2001.

  47. Aldine, TX: Raising Achievement for All While Narrowing Gaps Source: Texas Education Agency-Academic Excellence Indicator System Report 1994 through 2001.

  48. And some entire states...

  49. 4th Grade Math African American Gains Between 1992 and 2000 Source: USDOE, NCES, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Summary Data Tables

  50. 4th Grade Math Latino Gains Between 1992 and 2000 Source: USDOE, NCES, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Summary Data Tables

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