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Weathering and Erosion

Weathering and Erosion. Rock Cycle Revisited. What do volcanoes and tectonic activity do to the surface of the Earth?. Build it up!. Mt. Everest is increasing in height by approximately 2 inches each year. Mechanical Weathering.

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Weathering and Erosion

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  1. Weathering and Erosion

  2. Rock Cycle Revisited

  3. What do volcanoes and tectonic activity do to the surface of the Earth? Build it up! Mt. Everest is increasing in height by approximately 2 inches each year.

  4. Mechanical Weathering The breaking down of rock by mechanical means. The smaller pieces retain the characteristics of the larger piece. • Ice Wedging • Organic Activity • Abrasion

  5. Organic Activity

  6. Abrasion

  7. Chemical Weathering Chemical reactions alter the internal structure of rock breaking it down. • Hydrolysis • Carbonation • Oxidation • Acid precipitation

  8. Hydrolysis: Chemical reaction between minerals and water Carbonation: Carbon dioxide and water combine to form a weak acid (carbonic acid) Oxidation: When elements (especially metals) combine with oxygen Acid Precipitation: Oxides of sulfur and nitrogen dissolved in water form acids (usually produced in industrial areas)

  9. What factors affect the rate of weathering?

  10. Factors that Effect Rates of Weathering? Quartz: Moh’s hardness of 7 Sandstone: Moh’s hardness of 5 Rock Composition

  11. More Factors • Amount of Exposure • Climate – what climate conditions or combination of conditions increase weathering? • Warm moist climates • Variable temperatures for freezing and thawing

  12. Bill Nye - Erosion

  13. Soil The top 6 elements in the human body are Nitrogen Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur Where do we get them from?

  14. Soil is a combination of… • Mineral matter • Organic matter • Water • Air

  15. Humus = Organic Matter Decayed plant & animal matter provides nutrients and helps with water retention

  16. Not to be confused with Hummus

  17. What influences the rate of soil production? • Time • Climate • Plants & Animals • Slope

  18. Soil,It’s Impoprtant! O = Organic Layer A = Topsoil B = Subsoil C = Parent Material Below that = bedrock soil

  19. Soil texture is important for… • Agriculture • Engineering

  20. Soil Texture Triangle • The rock material in soil is made up of • Clay (<0.002mm) • Silt (0.002 – 0.6 mm) • Sand (0.6 mm – 2 mm)

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