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Chromosomes and Karyotyping

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Chromosomes and Karyotyping

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    1. Chromosomes and Karyotyping

    2. Chromosome Structure Chromosomes under a microscope stained with dye Striped rod-shaped structure

    3. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus Chromosomes are made of a DNA strand that is tightly wound around itself and packed with protein called histones The stripes observed are a result of the dyes binding to the specific proteins Each chromosome pair has a unique banding pattern. Chromosome Structure

    4. Chromosome Structure During Mitosis, Chromosomes Replicate (full copy) Replicated chromosomes attach at the centromere Called sister chromotids

    5. Chromosome Structure Humans have 23 different chromosomes Humans have 2 copies of each chromosome Diploid = 2 copies Total of 46 chromosomes in EVERY Cell. Chromosome partners are called homologous chromosomes

    6. Seeing Chromosomes Joe Hin Tijo and Albert Levan1956 Developed approach to visualize chromosomes: Catching Chromosomes Chromosomes condense during mitosis Treat cell with a drug to stop cell division Squash the cells and view under microscope Photograph the microscope picture Clip the picture and organize the chromosomes into a karyotype

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