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Understanding Bohr's Model of the Atom: Electron Shells and Their Capacity

The Bohr Model presents a revolutionary way to understand atomic structure, proposing that electrons orbit the nucleus in defined paths, similar to planets around the sun. Niels Bohr discovered that electrical forces hold electrons in these orbits, organized into electron shells. Each shell has a maximum capacity: the 1st shell can hold 2 electrons, the 2nd and 3rd can each hold 8, and the 4th shell can hold up to 18. Mastering this model allows for better grasp of atomic behavior, using examples like Lithium (3 electrons) and Magnesium (12 electrons).

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Understanding Bohr's Model of the Atom: Electron Shells and Their Capacity

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  1. Lec: Bohr Model (Planetary Model)

  2. The electrical forces between the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged protons inside the nucleus cause the electrons to spin around the nucleus.

  3. Niels Bohr discovered that the electrons traveled in orbits around the nucleus like planets.

  4. The area in which electrons are orbiting around the nucleus is called the electron shells. Each electron shell can only hold a certain number of electrons. Once the shell is filled, the next outer shell begins to get filled.

  5. Electron Shell 1st shell: 2 electrons 2nd shell: 8 electrons 3rd shell: 8 electrons 4th shell: 18 electrons 5th shell: 18 electrons 6th and 7th: 32 electrons

  6. Example: Li, Atomic #3Lithium has three electrons.

  7. Example: Li, Atomic #32 electrons go in the 1st shell.

  8. Example: Li, Atomic #31 electron in the 2nd shell.

  9. Complete the Bohr diagram for the element Mg.

  10. How many electrons does Mg have? 12

  11. Mg:2 electrons in the 1st, 8 electrons in the 2nd, and 2 electrons in the 3rd.

  12. Complete the Bohr diagram for the element Cl.

  13. How many electrons does Cl have? 17

  14. Cl:2 electrons in the 1st, 8 electrons in the 2nd, and 7 electrons in the 3rd.

  15. Bohr’s Atom Model Nucleus

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