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Eye Disease and Their View

This informative guide explores common eye diseases such as macular degeneration, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, presbyopia, diplopia, floaters, and night blindness. Each condition is described in detail, including symptoms, underlying causes, and potential treatments. Learn how age, diabetes, and other factors contribute to these conditions and the importance of early detection and management to preserve vision and maintain eye health.

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Eye Disease and Their View

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  1. Eye Disease and Their View

  2. Common Eye Diseases • Macular degeneration • Cataracts • Diabetic retinopathy • Glaucoma • Presbyopia-refractive error • Diplopia • Floaters • Night Blindness

  3. Internal anatomy of the eye

  4. The Retina Retinal blood vessels Macula (fovea in centre) Optic nerve

  5. What is Macular Degeneration? • Wet and ray macular degeneration causes blurred vision • Macula-basically the fovea centralis-focal point of vision. • Wet-blood vessels build up under retina and leak blood • Dry-tissue in the macula thin and break down. • Difficulty distinguishing visual images

  6. Macular Degeneration (MD)

  7. What is a cataract? • A cataract is the clouding of the lens inside the eye. With a cataract, light is scattered as it enters the eye, causing blurred vision

  8. Cataract

  9. What is diabetic retinopathy? • This condition is a complication of diabetes • It affects the small blood vessels of the retina • Blood vessels begin to leak and bleed inside the eye

  10. Diabetic retinopathy

  11. What is glaucoma? • It is a disease that affects the optic nerve at the back of the eye • Relieving pressure on the nerve reduces progression of the disease • Early detection and treatment can slow the vision loss • Caused by build up of aqueous humor faster than it is degraded. Pressure increases in eye.

  12. Glaucoma

  13. What is presbyopia(refractive error)? • Refractive error is a focusing disorder of the eye • Over the age of 40 years, 22 per cent of the population has refractive error • It is correctable by wearing glasses or contact lenses or refractive laser surgery (selected cases) • Inability to accommodate, near point of vision moves further away.

  14. Presbyopia

  15. What is diplopia? • Deviating eye causes double vision. • Turning eye may eventually become blind as a result of the brain suppressing the image from the wandering eye.

  16. Diplopia

  17. What are floaters? • Spots or specs that appear to be “floating” across your field of view. • Most eye floaters are caused by age-related changes that occur as the jelly-like substance (vitreous) inside your eyes becomes more liquid. • Microscopic fibers within the vitreous clump together and cast tiny shadows on the retina

  18. Floaters

  19. What is night blindness? • Night blindness (also called nyctalopia) is the inability to see well at night or in poor light. It is not a disease, but rather a symptom of an underlying disorder or problem, especially untreated nearsightedness. • Can be caused by lack of vitamin A which effects the rods.

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