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Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. General properties. ACIDS Turn litmus React with active metals – Fe, Zn React with bases. BASES Turn litmus Feel soapy or slippery (react with fats to make soap) React with acids. Definitions. Arrehenius. only in water. Bronsted-Lowry. any solvent. Lewis.

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acids and Bases

  2. General properties ACIDS • Turn litmus • React with active metals – Fe, Zn • React with bases BASES • Turn litmus • Feel soapy or slippery (react with fats to make soap) • React with acids

  3. Definitions Arrehenius only in water Bronsted-Lowry any solvent Lewis used in organic chemistry, wider range of substances Acids – produce H+ Bases - produce OH- Acids – donate H+ Bases – accept H+ Acids – accept e- pair Bases – donate e- pair

  4. Examples The hydrogen ion in aqueous solution H+ + H2O  H3O+ (hydronium ion) Arrhenius HCl NaOH Bronsted-Lowry HCl HCN NH3 :NH3 Lewis BF3

  5. Neutralization HCl + NaOH  NaCl + HOH In general: Acid + Base  Salt + Water All neutralization reactions are double displacement reactions.

  6. 105 Db 107 Bh Behavior of oxides in water– Group A basic amphoteric acidic 8A 1A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 2A Group B basic: Na2O + H2O  2NaOH (O-2 + H2O  2OH-) acidic: CO2 + H2O  H2CO3

  7. pH The biological view in the human body acidic basic/alkaline 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 blood saliva urine gastric juice pancreatic juice vaginal fluid bile cerebrospinal fluid Tortora & Grabowski, Prin. of Anatomy & Physiology, 10th ed., Wiley (2003)

  8. Thank You

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