Introduction To Special education Instructional Strategies

1. IntroductionTo Special education Instructional Strategies

2. WHY • Discussion • Why is it important to meet the needs of students with special needs?

3. Times they are a changing • It is very difficult to find low level jobs in this economy • The world has changed, we now are in global economy • Higher demands • More competitive • More reading, writing technology

4. Changes in How we teach • Schools have undergone massive changes • What are some ways how • instruction has changed • Assessment • Materials in • Math • Reading • Science • Social studies

5. The next few clips introduce some basic concepts of special education

7. Any terms you were not familiar with? • Any terms you want to add that were not mentioned?

8. Disabilities( *** High Incidence Disabilities) • Hearing Impairment • Mental Retardation*** • Multiple Disabilities • Orthopedic Impairment • Other Health Impairment • Specific Learning Disabilities*** • Visual Impairment including blindness • Notice LD Missing • Autism Spectrum Disorder • Deaf-blindness • Deafness • Developmental Delay • Emotional Disturbance*** • Speech and Language Impairment*** • Traumatic Brain Injury

11. Methods and their impact on learning • There is a continuum of approaches from primarily teacher directed to principally child centered. • Both ends of the continuum have negative learning experiments for diverse learners • Teacher directed, students unlikely to become self directed and independent • Pure discovery possibly more detrimental

12. High Quality Educational Tools • It is important that you look at six features as you try to meet the needs of your diverse learners • Big Ideas • Conspicuous Strategies • Mediated Scaffolding • Strategic Integration • Primed Background knowledge • Judicious review

13. Big Ideas • The curriculum process in many places caused the curriculum to grow and become full of massive amounts of goals and objectives • This type of curriculum allowed only high performing students to succeed. • The other end of the curriculum/ discovery/ wide open/open ended constructivist also had negative effects on diverse learners

14. Big Ideas • Looking at Big Ideas was a balance between the two • It did not focus on an unending list of objectives and allowed for deep understanding as in constructivist learning • BIG Ideas are highly selected concepts, principles, rules, strategies that facilitate the most efficient acquisition of knowledge

15. Big Ideas • Examples might be • Science- the scientific process • Reading Story grammar • When you can reduce the curriculum to big ideas, you can provide greater levels of differentiation while guaranteeing that everyone gets the basics

16. Conspicuous Strategies • Teach general strategies that can be applied • Some teachers fear that kids will memorize steps in an explicitly taught strategy, without developing a understanding for concept • However, teach it as you mean it • Begin with a great goal • Today you will learn a strategy that you can use to understand a story • Today you will learn a strategy that you can use to write an essay in any subject

17. Conspicuous Strategies • Singapore math does this • It teaches Basic steps that can be applied in many different situations • Watch the following two clips that introduce Singapore math

20. Mediated Scaffolding • Scaffolding is a type of support that is slowly removed till a students is independent • Manipulative • Study guides

21. Strategic intervention • Similar to the concept of Piaget/ accommodation and assimilation • Knowledge should result in a new and more complex structure • Something that did not exist before • Each concept must be integrated before a new one can be introduced

22. Strategic intervention • Strategic Integration is the careful and systematic combining of essential information in ways that results in new and more complex knowledge

23. Primed Background Knowledge • This is the related knowledge that students must know before they can learn a new concept • Variance and statistics • Chronic illness and missed class greatly effects this feature

24. Primed Background Knowledge • Think how you may teach a child a concept • Some people try and teach a concept by teaching the opposite before they understand the positive incidence • How can you teach accident by teaching intentionality

25. Judicious Review • Judicious review facilitates memory. It is much more than just drill and practice • Judicious review should consist of • allow the students to perform the task without hesitation • distributed over time • Cumulative with integration of more complex tasks • Varied and allow for wide application of information

26. Debate • What do you think about Special education students and standardized test • Should a students reading at a third grade level have to take a fifth grade standardized test?

27. Changes over timefor schools and diverse learners • Once not allowed in school • Then allowed to attend but with limited access • Then we made incredible accommodation • Now it has changed and there is a balance

28. Diverse learners • Go to pretest • Then SES 1

29. Diverse learners • We now face diverse learners in many ways • Demographics