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Understanding Genetic Inheritance: Traits, Alleles, and Dominance Explained

This comprehensive guide explores the fundamentals of genetic inheritance, detailing how traits like hair color, eye color, and skin type are inherited. It explains the roles of genes and alleles, distinguishing between dominant and recessive traits. Discover how dominant genes overshadow recessive ones and learn about the genetic makeup behind various traits. The guide answers key questions about what we inherit from our parents, how genes are structured, and the significance of allele types in inheritance patterns.

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Understanding Genetic Inheritance: Traits, Alleles, and Dominance Explained

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Presentation Transcript

  1. You Are What You Inherit

  2. What Do You Inherit? Traits Hair Color Eye Color Skin Type Nose Shape

  3. What Controls Traits? Down syndrome karyotype courtesy of: http://www.bis.med.jhmi.edu/Dan/DOE/fig6.html • Genescontrol the traits that show up in an organism.

  4. Genes Are Made Of.... DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material of living organisms and is located in the chromosomes of each cell. DNA

  5. What is an allele? • Alleles are the genetic make-up (genotype) of traits. An allele is a component of a gene. Genes can have or more alleles. • For example: • B is the allele for brown eyes. • b is the allele for blue eyes. 2

  6. T is the dominant allele for a tall parent t is the recessive allele for a short parent Types of Alleles Dominant Recessive

  7. Dominant VS Recessive Factors • Dominant genes cover up the recessive genes whenever present. • The genes that seem to disappear are called recessive.

  8. Dominant Genes • Eye color: dark is dominant • Look for dimples: presence of dimple is dominant • Earlobes: unattached is dominant • Ability to roll tongue into a u-shape is dominant • Hairline: Widows peak

  9. Recessive Genes • Eye color: blue is recessive • Look for dimples: absence is recessive • Earlobes: attached is recessive • Inability to roll tongue is recessive • Straight hairline is recessive

  10. Comprehension Questions • What do people inherit? • What are genes made of? • How is a gene represented? • Name the two types of alleles. • How are dominant and recessive genes represented? • Give an example of a dominant and a recessive gene?

  11. Works Cited • http://encarta.msn.com/find/Concise.asp?z=1&pg=2&ti=761552130 • http://encarta.msn.com/find/MediaMax.asp?pg=3&ti=761564762&idx=461570154 • http://home.naxs.com/bechafin/genetics.htm • http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/basic/concepts/inheritance.html

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