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Psychology as Science

Psychology as Science. Ways of knowing :. Tenacity – repetitive claims (adverts). Authority – font of truth (dictionary). Experience - direct observation (Tampa weather is hot). Reason & Logic – deduction (Men are stupid, Mike is a man. Therefore Mike is stupid).

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Psychology as Science

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  1. Psychology as Science

  2. Ways of knowing: • Tenacity – repetitive claims (adverts). • Authority – font of truth (dictionary). • Experience - direct observation (Tampa weather is hot). • Reason & Logic – deduction (Men are stupid, Mike is a man. Therefore Mike is stupid). • Science – set of procedures to provide a convincing argument.

  3. Tenacity – repetitive claims (adverts).

  4. Authority – font of truth (dictionary).

  5. Experience - direct observation (Tampa weather is hot).

  6. Reason & Logic – deduction (Men are stupid, Mike is a man. Therefore Mike is stupid).

  7. Science – set of procedures to provide a convincing argument.

  8. Tenacity Authority Experience Reason & Logic Review Ways of Knowing:

  9. Components of the Scientific Method • Objectivity – free from bias (multiple choice vs. essay) • Quantification – numbers (72 inches) • Replication – study is repeated (SAT & GPA) • Self-Correction – share data (rebuttals are published)

  10. Components of the Scientific Method • Control 1- By manipulation of things of interest (amount of drugs or training). 2- By elimination of unwanted factors (random assignment).

  11. Components of the Scientific Method • The scientific method rocks: ROCQS • Replication, objectivity, control, quantification, self-correction

  12. The Psychological Experiment • Independent Variable – the cause (reinforcement schedule) • Dependent Variable – the effect (rats caught per hour) • Extraneous Variables – nuisance variables (sex of experimenter)

  13. Example Study • Brannick & Gordon want to know if Powerpoint is better than chalk for lecture. Brannick uses Powerpoint in his class (RM), and Gordon uses chalk for his class (RM). They look at the distribution of exam scores to see whether one class does better than another. • IV? DV? Extraneous variable?

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