By Ashlyn Creamer

Cell Metabolism Jeopardy By Ashlyn Creamer

Metabolism ATP Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500

Row 1, Col 1 Anabolic processes consume energy to build more complicated molecules from simpler ones, while catabolic processes _______ molecules break down

1,2 What are the 3 components of an ATP molecule? ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is composed of 1) the sugar ribose, 2) the nitrogenous base adenine, and 3) a chain of three phosphate groups

1,3 How many net ATP molecules are produced during glycolyis? 2 ATP

1,4 Photosystem I produces ___ while photosystem II produces ___? NADPH; ATP

2,1 Cellular respiration is a (exergonic/endergonic) because it (releases/consumes) energy. Exergonic; releases

2,2 The production of which enzyme inhibits ATP (and citrate) production during cellular respiration? Phosphofructokinase

2,3 Name three differences between anaerobic and aerobic respiration (TIP: think about the products produced and how much energy is made!) (Student only needs to get three of these!) 1) Anaerobic is without the presence of oxygen, while aerobic is with 2) Anaerobic only makes 2 ATP per glucose molecule, aerobic makes between 30-32 3) In anaerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule such as pyruvate. In aerobic respiration, it’s oxygen. 4) Anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, ATP, and either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP 5)Anaerobic respiration only occurs in the cytoplasm while aerobic occurs in both the cytoplasm and mitochondria

2,4 Where do the electrons entering photosystem II come from? The splitting of water molecules provides the source of electrons for photosystem II.

3,1 Where does a competitive inhibitor bind and what are the effects? Where does a noncompetitive inhibitor bind and what are the effects? Competitive inhibitors bind at the active site, and they reduce the productivity of enzymes by blocking substrates from entering active sites Non competitive inhibitors bind away from the active site, but change the shape of the enzyme so the active site functions less effectively.

3,2 How many ATPs are made in glycolysis (net), pyruvate oxidation, Kreb’s cycle, and the electron transport chain? Glycolysis: 2 net ATP Pyruvate Oxidation: 0 ATP Kreb’s Cycle: 2 ATP total (a cycle for each pyruvate) Electron Transport Chain: 26-28 ATP

3,3 What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain and why is this important? Oxygen; Oxygen captures the electrons (it’s very electronegative!) in the very last step of electron transport, adding a pair of electrons to an oxygen atom and two hydrogen ions, forming water

3,4 Where do light reactions occur in the chloroplasts? Where does the Calvin Cycle occur? What are the products of each? Light reactions occur in the thylakoids and produce O2 The Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma and produces G3P (Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate)

4,1 The binding of an allosteric inhibitor to an enzyme causes the rate of product formation by the enzyme to_______. Why? Decrease; In general, any allosteric regulator functions by changing the structure of the enzyme to either change the ability of the active site to bind the substrate or to facilitate the chemical reaction.

4,2 ATP, being the product of photosystem __, is used during the ________ to build one molecule of G3P from three CO2 molecules II; Calvin Cycle

4,3 In order for proteins to participate in cellular respiration, the NH3 (amino group) must be removed through ________. In order for fats to participate in cellular respiration, ___________ must take place (the removal of two carbon molecules at a time). Why do fats produce twice as much ATP as carbohydrates? Deamination; beta-oxidation; because fats are better electron donors than sugars (they have more hydrogen atoms, which are far less electronegative than oxygen atoms. The hydrogen atoms won’t “hog” the electrons like oxygen would.

4,4 Hydrogen ions (H+) built up in the thylakoid compartment after electrons were transferred through the electron transport chain. The hydrogen ions then pump through the ______ to produce ____ ATP synthase; ATP

5,1 • Which is the most abundant form of energy in a cell? • -Kinetic energy • -Chemical energy • Heat • Mechanical energy • Electrochemical gradients Chemical energy

5,2 The generation of ATP is an ______ process while the hydrolysis (and release of energy) of ATP is an ________ process. Endergonic; exergonic

5,3 Where does the citric acid cycle occur and what are the products for 1 cycle/1 pyruvate? In the matrix of mitochondria; 1 ATP, 1 FAD2, 2 CO2, 3 NADH

5,4 The reactions of the Calvin cycle are not directly dependent on light, but they usually do not occur at night. Why does this occur?? The Calvin cycle requires products only produced when the photosystems are illuminated. (The ATP and NADPH produced during the light reactions are necessary for the Calvin cycle).

By Ashlyn Creamer