Citizens for Affordable Energy: An Overview

1. Citizens for Affordable Energy: An Overview A History of Energy, CFAE Background, and a 21st Century Energy Plan

2. Section I A Short History of Energy in the United States

3. 1600s 1748 1752 Late 1700s Commercial production of coal begins in the U.S. near Richmond, Virginia Benjamin Franklin discovers lightning is electricity The transition from wood to coal steam fuels the Industrial Revolution Colonial America utilizes wood, coal, candles and whale oil. Wood is the most popular source of heat for homes into the late 1800s

4. 1800s 1821 1850s 1859 Coal becomes the fuel of choice. It powers the railway system and fuels steam engines Michael Faraday creates the first electric motor Kerosene from petroleum steadily replaces whale oil as the chief illuminant in lamps. Some species of whale are hunted almost to extinction Edwin L. Drake drilled the world’s first oil well and launches the modern petroleum industry

5. 1880 1882 1891 1908 Thomas Edison produces the first successful light bulb The Nation’s first coal-fired electric generating station opens in New York City First windmill for power generation Henry Ford introduces the first successful mass production car

6. 1912 1915 1941 1950s A liquefaction plant for LNG opens in Cleveland, Ohio Cars ownership expands; induced by interstate highways A liquefied natural gas plant opens in West Virginia The first petroleum refinery opens in California Photovoltaic cells are invented (solar)

7. 1957 1970s 1979 1980s 1986 The first nuclear power plant opens in the U.S. Biofuels emerge as an alternative to oil; first Arab oil embargo 1973 A revolution in Iran leads to oil crisis Nuclear energy replaces hydropower as the second largest source of electricity in the U.S. Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster (considered the worst nuclear accident in history) Three-mile island (largest nuclear accident in the U.S.)

8. 70s, 80s, 90s, 00s 1996 2000s 2005 2007 The system ages and the nation becomes oil import dependent The “Watts Bar” Plant, in Tennessee, is the last nuclear power plant to go online Wind, solar, and biofuel develop- ments gain steam Price of natural gas hits a record high Dramatic expansion of hydraulic fracking

9. 2008 2010 2011 2011 Price of crude oil hits record high of $147/barrel Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explodes and results in largest U.S. oil spill ever The average price of gasoline again nears $4/gallon Worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl follows an earthquake and tsunami at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan

10. Today’s Energy System Is Aging Rapidly • The Nation watches as the system ages with no plan for the future • The older the system, the higher the risk of breakdown, endangering people and the environment • The 21st century warrants an update and an upgrade • Robust energy supplies and latest technologies provide unlimited opportunity for more sustainable, affordable energy

11. The Nation’s Daily Energy Demand • 20 million barrels of oil = 10,000 gallons per second • 60 billion cubic feet of natural gas • Enough cubic feet to cover the distance from the Earth to moon and back 25x a day • A train car load of coal every 3 seconds (1200/hr) • 1200 railroad cars an hour = 28,000 railroad cars of coal every day • 600+ coal plants, average age: 39, design life 50 • 104 nuclear plants, average age: 30+, design life 40 • Over 15000 wind turbines, less than 1% of supply • 1000s of acres of solar panels, less than 1% of supply

12. Section II Citizens for Affordable Energy (CFAE): An Overview

13. CFAE Believes Energy must be nonpartisan and non-political: • Available, so the Nation is secure • Affordable,so the Nation is competitive;so lifestyles endure • Sustainable, so future generations are protected

14. CFAE: Four Mores

15. CFAE: Four Mores • Oil • Coal • Gas • Nuclear • Biofuels • Energy efficient homes and buildings • More efficient use of land • Energy efficient cars, equipment • Hydropower • Geothermal • Solar • Wind • Hydrogen • Manage water, gaseous waste • Utilize clean technology • Capture, treat and store emissions • New legal governance • More, new energy infrastructure

16. CFAE: Education for All • Commit to affordable, sustainable energy for all consumers, always • Explain comprehensive energy, environmental solutions for national security and competiveness • Educate general public, government, corporate and NGO officials and staff • Engage all citizens through social media • Support energy from all sources, environmental protection, and technology to increase efficiency • Support infrastructure to move energy from producers to consumers • Activate informed citizens to influence policy

17. What CFAE and You Can Do • Become informed about energy and environmental basics through reading, websites, webinars, discussions • Share Four Mores information with family, friends and community through personal engagement and outreach • Become a CFAE Ambassador, equipped and committed to educate others • Start a Voluntary Association of friends and colleagues to expand outreach potential and opportunities to engage • Maintain non-partisan commitment to education • Solicit funding support from consumer companies, individuals

18. What CFAE Does Not Do • Lobby for specific legislation • Serve or support partisan party positions or initiatives • Promote ideology of any political party • Accept financial support from energy producers • Limit technology or sources of energy • Limit supply or demand • Align with narrow special interests • Make political contributions

19. CFAE and Public Policy • The future of energy is dependent on sound public policy • Individuals have to inform officials about public policy needs at the local, state and federal level • The energy supply system is fragmented, competitive and commercial • Policy needs to be comprehensive, systemic and holistic • The history of public policy has been fragmented, combative and special interest driven • Future public policy should serve the general public while remaining commercially supplied

20. Section III Failure to Produce Comprehensive Public Policy in the United States

21. The Perversity of Partisanship • The last 40 years have seen continuous public policy failure: • 8 Presidents and 19 Congresses have failed to produce energy policy at the national level, since the first Arab oil embargo • State programs are all over the map • Local programs are sporadic and often unachievable

22. CFAE supports sustainable and affordable energy policy through: An informed citizenry Emphasis on planning and execution of the plan Fundamental democratic reform of federal governance Addressing Public Policy Failure

23. Energy policy needs to incorporate the Four Mores: supply, infrastructure, environmental protection, technology Energy policy requires plans at the federal, state and local levels, leveraging off a national strategy for energy, where plans are: Short-term: 0 - 10 years Medium-term: 10 - 25 years Long-term: 25 - 50 years Energy policy has to override short term political time priorities to achieve energy time solutions Energy policy needs to eliminate the partisanship that so frustrates the public interest Energy policy has to rise above special interest to deliver on the general interest Towards Sound Energy Policy

24. Section IV An Energy System for the 21st Century and New Federal Governance

25. The First More: More Energy From All Sources is Essential • Oil • Coal • Gas • Nuclear • Biofuels • Hydropower • Geothermal • Solar • Wind • Hydrogen

26. The most affordable energy is the energy we never use When efficiency in the use of energy means that we use less, we save the costs of what we don't use. We also defer the availability of that energy to the future. The most effective conservation that we could ever consider is that of adopting efficient technology in all of our devices, homes, buildings, vehicles and pursuits that consume energy. There is extraordinary potential for energy conservation and energy savings through technology and innovation We’ll nonetheless still need more energy because populations increase The Second More: More Technology For Efficiency

27. Energy and the environment present ongoing and sustained challenges to producers, transporters and consumers and future generations Some forms of energy are produced from the destruction of molecules. Thus there are environmental impact issues to be dealt with. Other forms of energy require infrastructure that impacts the landscape. Still other forms dam rivers or create nuclear waste. As the future unfolds so-called "clean" or "green" forms of energy also have environmental impacts that need to be managed. We believe that technology and regulation must go a long way to controlling, reducing and even capturing and storing emissions Voluntarism is noble, but not enough The Third More: More Environmental Protection for Land, Water and Air

28. Energy is produced where it is most efficient to produce it Most times it is a long way from the consumer Most people prefer to avoid proximity to infrastructure Infrastructure refers to the structures that produce, store, and distribute energy from where it is produced to where it is consumed Infrastructure includes platforms to produce oil and gas, coal mines, pipelines, rail lines and rail yards, transformers, poles and lines, ethanol distilleries, wind and solar farms, liquefied natural gas terminals, dams, nuclear plants, and “green spaces” that often surround critical infrastructure The Fourth More: More Infrastructure

29. Politics as usual will not deliver the 21st century energy system the nation needs Drawing from history, democratic reform can utilize the Independent Regulatory Commission model The independent commission works for society and citizens, not for “politics as usual” or politicians Expert governors are accountable for results not rhetoric Fundamental Reform of Energy Governance is Required

30. Congress should create authorities for an independent commission to deliver a plan to provide: More supply from all sources More technology to deliver efficiency More environmental protection for land, water and air More infrastructure to deliver energy Governance Reform Requires Legislation

31. Legal creation of an independent regulatory commission established by Congress, signed into law by the President to manage the nation’s energy and environmental future by establishing: An independent national board of governors and eight regional boards Authorities to govern a short, medium and long term energy plan for the nation Governors are Presidential appointees, with Senate Advice and Consent, including subject matter experts in energy, science, technology, consumerism, environment, business and finance Governor terms are 14 years Chairman’s term is 4 years Governance Reform: Independent Commission

32. Regional Boards work with and across states to enable state planning and regional integration In like manner, state agencies work with local governments on local planning and integration Companies do what they've always done: produce energy and equipment, and build infrastructure while protecting the environment, guided by the short, medium and long term plan for the nation Citizen activation and influence insures successful launch and sustained oversight Governance Reform Practicalities

33. Section V Mobilizing for Action: What Can You Do?

34. Become better informed and well read. Learn the Four Mores. http://www.citizensforaffordableenergy.org/ Submit articles of interest on all kinds of energy, technology, environment and infrastructure to CFAE Become a CFAE Ambassador; Form a Voluntary Association Reach out to friends, associations and community groups Inform your friends and followers about CFAE on Facebook and Twitter! Blog on Facebook and Twitter Stay connected for new information and developments Activate your citizenship in ways you’ve always wanted to. Get Involved and Shape Future Energy Policy

35. Become An Informed Energy Citizen: Read And Spread the Word http://www.citizensforaffordableenergy.org/

36. Become An Informed Energy Citizen: Read And Spread the Word http://www.citizensforaffordableenergy.org/