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The Challenge of the Cities

The Challenge of the Cities. From Rural to Urban. Racial violence increased against African Americans New farm machines replaced male farm hands Many moved to cities to find work Improved transportation allowed many to move out of the cities into suburbs

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The Challenge of the Cities

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  1. The Challenge of the Cities

  2. From Rural to Urban • Racial violence increased against African Americans • New farm machines replaced male farm hands • Many moved to cities to find work • Improved transportation allowed many to move out of the cities into suburbs • Skyscrapersand elevators grew out of the need for cities to grow upward

  3. Urban Problems • Crime, violence, fire, disease, and pollution • Native born Americans blamed immigrants for crime and violence • Alcohol • Disease and pollution • Horse waste • Ash and soot from fires • Contaminated water

  4. The Political Machine and the Party Boss • Provided services for newly arrived immigrants • Party bosses controlled the city’s finances • Grew rich because of graft & fraud • Sold land to city for a park for profit • Accepted bribes

  5. Tammany Hall • The NY Democratic political Machine • William Tweed was the leader During the 1860s & 1870s

  6. Tammany Hall

  7. Nativism • Opposed immigration • Afraid Catholics would gain too much power • Labor unions feared that immigrants would drive wages down • Natives organize • American Protective Association • Henry Bowers founder, despised Catholic immigrants • Workingman’s Party of CA • Fought Chinese immigration

  8. Helping the Urban Poor • Purity Crusaders • Social Gospel Movement • Churches provided social services for the poor • Settlement houses – community centers that provided rooms, meals, child care, health care, employment and legal aid • Jane Addams – Hull House • Lillian Wald – Henry Street • Temperance movements

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