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Linguistic Issues in Canada

Linguistic Issues in Canada. Presented by - Um, Jung Ah Lee, Ah Young Lee, Jung Eun Jeon, Chang Hee. Contents. Official Language Act in Canada Immigration Education. Language Policy in Canada.

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Linguistic Issues in Canada

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  1. Linguistic Issues in Canada Presented by - Um, Jung Ah Lee, Ah Young Lee, Jung Eun Jeon, Chang Hee

  2. Contents • Official Language Act in Canada • Immigration • Education

  3. Language Policy in Canada • In 1867 - Section 133 of the British North America Act permitted the use of either English or French • In 1969- Parliament adopted the first Official Languages Act

  4. In 2002 - The New Brunswick government introduces a bill to update and modernize their Official Languages Act. • In 2003- The Federal Government announces its Action Plan for Official Languages (2003/04 - 2007/08)

  5. Three Pillars of Action Plan • Education Investing $381.5 million to tackle both minority-language education • Community development Investing $269.3 million to help minority communities have broader access to public services and government programs in their own language, • Federal Public service Invest $64.6 million to improve the delivery of services in both official languages, promote equitable participation of English- and French-speaking Canadians in the federal government, and the use of both languages in the workplace. Source: Canada’s Linguistic Duality Date: (April 02, 2003) http://www.marlenejennings.parl.gc.ca/issue_details.asp?lang=en&IssueID=128

  6. Linguistic Duality • An asset to Canada? • Government Sponsoring involved! Why? -Language Duality is at the heart of Canada’s collective identity -Knowledge of both official languages is a matter of cultural and economic enrichment

  7. Quebec • Approximately 25% of elementary and secondary school students in Quebec receive their instruction in English. • 2 of the 12 daily newspapers in Quebec are published in English. • There are 15 English radio stations in Quebec (vs. 11 in 1970). • 35% of all movies shown in theaters are in English

  8. Immigration

  9. Immigration Points Eligible if you get more than 67 points http://www.workpermit.com/canada/individual/skilled.htm#Factor 2

  10. Immigration points system http://www.workpermit.com/canada/individual/skilled.htm#Factor 2

  11. Approved language tests • English • IELTS (General Training options) • CELPIP: Canadian English Language Proficiency Index Program • French • TEF: Test d’évaluation de français

  12. Providing written evidence • a written submission explaining your training in English or French • an explanation of how you commonly use English or French • official documentation of education in English or French • official documentation of work experience in English or French

  13. To become a Canadian citizen • You must: • be 18 years of age or older; • be a permanent resident of Canada; • have lived in Canada for at least three of the four years before applying; • be able to communicate in either English or French; • know about Canada; and • know about the rights and responsibilities of citizenship.

  14. LINC program • Language Instruction for Newcomers to Canada • Language classes paid by the federal government of Canada • About 90 LINC centers available

  15. LINC program • Eligible if you are • A permanent resident of Canada • Convention refugee • a person in Canada whose application for Permanent Resident status is being processed • Every adult is able to apply

  16. ELT • Enhanced Language Training program • Providing • higher level of English needed to find a decent jobs • Total assistance to immigrants to be remained in labor market; • work placements, mentoring, cultural orientation to the workplace, preparation for licensure exams and internships

  17. Francophone Immigration • Increasing the number of French speakers to strengthen French speaking communities • To sustain tradition of bilingualism • By 2008, 4.4% of French-speaking immigrants outside Quebec

  18. Education • Bilingualism • Global English

  19. The Politics of Bilingualism • After the military defeat of the French at the battle of Quebec in 1812, politically linked together, largely for pragmatic reasons, and the relationship between the nation’s cultural peripheries and centre continue to change • the Result of a conscious effort to Embrace Diverse Cultural Interests in a Single Political Entity

  20. Canada-wide • a confederation of Five Provinces and Three Territories- Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Quebec and Saskatchewan • the Provinces and Territories are responsible for elementary, secondary and postsecondary education • Each Reflects the Diversity of its own regional history, culture, and geography

  21. Education System; Public Ed Kindergarten to Grade 12 (Ages 6-18) • Publicly Funded and Free to all Canadian citizens • The powers and duties of these school authorities are defined in Provincial or Territorial statutes • Curriculum programs at the secondary level include both academic and vocational programs Elementary Secondary Ed(G7-12) Post-Secondary; College &University

  22. Private Schools • a large number of private or independent schools • function independently of the public school system and charge fees • A far larger portion of private schools are religious based institutions

  23. Language of Instruction in Québec • French is the first language of over 80 percent of the population of Quebec • French is the language of instruction • Although English is a minority language, it still has a strong influence. • The Canadian Charter of Rights of Freedoms(1982) defines the right of English or French minorities to receive instruction in their language.

  24. Subjects Taught in Elementary http://www.meq.gouv.qc.ca/rens/brochu/anglais/edu_serv.htm

  25. The Canadian Education & Training Industry

  26. The Canadian Education and Training Industry Valued $ 45.3 billion – 3.8% of GDP-> knowledge-based economy English Education in Canada & out of Canada

  27. In Canada - Language Schools Average enrollment – 800(per school per year) Target: international students, new Canadians and refugees, summer study programs International students from more than 200 countries

  28. Language Training Market Significant market ? -> Korea $ 4.6 billion Canadian English teachers Canadian language firms

  29. Canadian language firms Joint ventures between regional education boards in Canada and private institutes and public schoolsin Korea English teacher-placement agencies based in Korea and managed by Canadians or based in Canada with an office represented in Korea by Korean nationals Education companies managed by Canadians with offices in Korea for the purpose of student exchange, short-term youth camps and similar activities Canadian-owned sole proprietorships operated by Canadians living in Korea.

  30. Language Training Market - in China Not a big income yet ( $ 2.8 billion) After, Beijing Olympic in 2008 ( translating, interpret and etc.)-> $ 4.3 billion are expected in 2010

  31. Expectations More international students More/better English language schools More teacher trainings= > Growth of the English Education Industry continues

  32. References • http://www.canadianheritage.gc.ca/progs/lo-ol/legislation/04_e.cfm canada heritage • http://www.marlenejennings.parl.gc.ca/issue_details.asp?lang=en&IssueID=128 • http://www.neuvel.net/Quebec_ling.htm#English • http://www.canadianheritage.gc.ca/progs/lo-ol/biling/hist_e.cfm • http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/newcomer/welcome/wel-22e.html • http://www.workpermit.com/canada/individual/skilled.htm#Factor 2 • http://www.ceis.ca • http://strategis.gc.ca/training • http://www.canada.gc.ca/main_e.html

  33. Thank you!

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