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Applying Psychology at Sand Hill Elementary: Enhancing Learning through Behavioral Theories

This analysis explores psychological applications at Sand Hill Elementary School's kindergarten class of 22 students (13 girls, 9 boys) aged 5-6. The predominantly White (90%) class is supported by a female teacher and a paraprofessional. Through operant conditioning principles, positive reinforcement, and types of punishment, the study highlights how motivational strategies, such as Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, impact student behavior and learning. Emphasis is placed on the effectiveness of reward systems and the importance of building close relationships with students to foster a supportive learning environment.

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Applying Psychology at Sand Hill Elementary: Enhancing Learning through Behavioral Theories

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  1. Applying Psychology At Sand Hill Elementary By : Lisa Cobb

  2. Description • Sand Hill Elementary School • Kindergarten • 22 Students (13 girls, 9 boys) • 90% White, 10% Hispanic and Black • Age Range 5-6 • 1 Caucasian female teacher • 1 Paraprofessional • Whole and small group centers

  3. Theories • Operant Conditioning • Positive Reinforcement • Type 2 Punishment • Motivation • Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

  4. Operant Conditioning • A behavior theory developed by B.F. Skinner based on a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior, and through operant conditioning ,an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior.

  5. Positive Reinforcement • Involves strengthening a target behavior, that is increasing and maintaining the probability that a particular behavior will be repeated by presenting a stimulus which is a positive reinforcer. • Ex: Praise from a teacher • Ex: An A on a test

  6. Type 2 Punishment • Time-Out weakens a target behavior by temporarily removing a positive reinforcer after the behavior occurs.

  7. Motivation • The process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. Motivation is what causes us to act. • Ex: Jimmy doing his work sheet after not going outside for recess.

  8. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

  9. Pedagogical Implications • The use of rewards such as candy on a consistent basis can have a negative effect on the quality of the behavior. Also, candy is only a temporary fix for younger children. • The token system provides a tangible symbol of a reward . There should be a time limit or a specific number of tokens that must be acquired before the reward is given. • Encourage a child to state how they are feeling and establish a close relationship with each child.

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