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Fluid Power Systems

Fluid Power Systems. Chapter 9. What are fluid power systems?. Hydraulic systems are systems that control and transmit energy through liquids Pneumatics systems use gases instead of using liquids. Why use fluid power?. Fluids cant break like machine parts Longer life expectancy

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Fluid Power Systems

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  1. Fluid Power Systems Chapter 9

  2. What are fluid power systems? • Hydraulic systems are systems that control and transmit energy through liquids • Pneumatics systems use gases instead of using liquids

  3. Why use fluid power? • Fluids cant break like machine parts • Longer life expectancy • Unlimited amount of power can be created and maintained • Has easy and complete control over a wide range of power. • Has natural springiness which provides a better cushion that reduces shock

  4. The physics of fluid power systems • Fluids exert pressure • Pressure is the force that is acting upon a certain area • Water tends to balance itself with pressure • Compressibility is how much of any matter can be squashed into a smaller space

  5. Blaise Pascal • Was a scientist that studied the properties of confined liquids. • Found out that liquids are compressed on both sides of a container • And he used the property into making hydraulics capable of increasing mechanical advantage

  6. Comparison of Liquids and gases • Molecules in liquids are closer than the ones in gases. • Compressibility is easier to accomplish in gases than it is in liquids • Liquids must have a closed system to hold the water and pneumatic systems can be open.

  7. Hydraulic pumps • Hydraulic pumps are used to supply and transmit the pressure needed to use a hydraulic power system

  8. Gear Pumps • Are used to create the pressure needed to use many hydraulic systems

  9. Centrifugal Pumps • Also used to produce pressure in hydraulic systems. • Uses centrifugal force to move fluids in a system • Uses a device called the impeller. • Impeller consist of many small blades mounted on a shaft.

  10. Reciprocating Pumps • Also called positive displacement pumps • Uses a piston to move hydraulic fluid

  11. Air Compressors • Convert mechanical energy that is input into a pneumatic power system.

  12. Valves • Valves are the devices that control fluid power • Used for flow control, pressure control, and directional control. • Valves that are used in hydraulic systems are to seal and prevent loss of water.

  13. Flow Control Valves • Are used when you want to start or stop the flow of liquid in a system • Example: kitchen sink

  14. Pressure Control Valves • Also known as relief valves. • They are in a system to make sure that the pressure doesn’t get too high

  15. Directional Control Valves • Controls what path the fluid takes in a circuit • Can be operated manually, mechanically, or electrically.

  16. Actuators • Are devices that convert fluid power into mechanical power in hydraulic and pneumatic systems • This helps to make fluid power systems easy to design and use. • Make the reciprocating and rotary motion • Ex: cylinder

  17. Fluid Motors • Devices that convert fluid power into rotary mechanical motion • Two types- gear motor and vane motor • Gear motor works like a gear pump except the process is reversed.

  18. Torque Converters • Devices that use fluid pressure to connect and disconnect moving parts

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