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Comprehensive Guide to Computer Hardware Disassembly and Component Identification

This exercise focuses on the essential skills needed to disassemble a personal computer. By completing this exercise, you will learn how to identify, disconnect, and reconnect various computer cables and components. You’ll discover the functions of major internal parts and external connectors. This guide emphasizes the importance of thorough documentation during disassembly, tips for safe handling against electrostatic discharge (ESD), and best practices for managing internal components. Ideal for those looking to upgrade, repair, or expand their computer hardware knowledge.

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Comprehensive Guide to Computer Hardware Disassembly and Component Identification

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  1. Exercise 1Computer Hardware

  2. Objectives for Exercise 1 When you complete this exercise, you will be able to:

  3. Identify, disconnect, and reconnect the computer’s cables and cover. • Identify the external connectors on a typical personal computer. • Identify and explain the purpose of the major internal components.

  4. Why Disassemble the Computer? • To upgrade. • To repair. • To add to it.

  5. The three most important things to remember when disassembling a computer are: • Document • Document • Document!

  6. Document • Where cards are located. • How cables are routed. • Orientation of cables and connectors. • Hardware used to secure each component. • Anything else that might cause confusion when reassembling.

  7. Your greatest enemy when working inside the computer is Electrostatic Discharge or ESD.

  8. Your best defense against ESD is the anti-static wrist strap.

  9. An internal resistor provides shock protection. 9

  10. Switch off power at the computer and at the workbench...

  11. ...but leave the computer plugged in.

  12. Use anti-static mats on the workbench and floor.

  13. Hold Circuit Boards by their Edges.

  14. Store Circuit Boards in Anti-static Bags.

  15. Tips for Disassembly.

  16. Turn off power to the computer and everything connected to it.

  17. Disconnect the monitor and set it aside.

  18. Disconnect the keyboard and set it aside.

  19. 10101 10101 PS/2 Keyboard Connection

  20. Disconnect the mouse and set it aside.

  21. 10101 10101 PS/2 Mouse Connection

  22. Remove these screws... 22

  23. ... not these. 23

  24. 1. 2. 24

  25. Spreading the sides of the cover will help it to clear the computer.

  26. Removing the side panel. 2 3 1 26

  27. 27

  28. The Motherboard.

  29. The Motherboard may also be known as the: • System Board • Planar Board • Baseboard • Main Board • Logic Board

  30. The Power Supply.

  31. Standard Power Supply

  32. Power Selection Switch

  33. WARNING! Hazardous voltages contained within this power supply, not user serviceable. Return to service center for repair.

  34. Power Supply Connectors

  35. Power Supply Output VoltagesAT-Type • +5 Volts • +12 Volts • –12 Volts • –5 Volts

  36. Motherboard Power Connectors Black Wires P8 P9

  37. Power Supply Output VoltagesATX-Type • +5 Volts • +12 Volts • –12 Volts • –5 Volts • +3.3 Volts

  38. ATX Power Connector

  39. ATX Power Connector

  40. Second P4 Motherboard Power Connector Supplies 12 Volts 40

  41. Large Molex Connector

  42. Berg Connector

  43. Some connectors are held in place with a latch.

  44. Grasp the connector by the shell… Never by the leads. 44

  45. The CD-ROM Drive

  46. The Hard Drive

  47. 47

  48. Mother- board 48

  49. Master Hard Drive 49

  50. Slave Hard Drive 50

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