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Chapter 1

Chapter 1 . Everyone should know first aid. Fast Facts. Over 40 million injury related visits were made to U.S. Hospitals emergency departments Injuries resulted in more that 160,000 deaths in the U.S.

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 Everyone should know first aid

  2. Fast Facts • Over 40 million injury related visits were made to U.S. Hospitals emergency departments • Injuries resulted in more that 160,000 deaths in the U.S. • More than 70 million people in the U.S have cardiovascular disease. Causes about 700,000 deaths in the U.S. each year, this accounts for over 33% deaths annually

  3. You and the emergency medical system • Step 1: Recognize that an emergency Exists • Step 2: Decide to Act • Step 3: Activate the EMS System • Step 4 Give Care Until Help Arrives

  4. Step 1: Recognize that an Emergency Exists • Your senses – hearing, sight, and smelling may help recognize an emergency • Unusual sights • Unusual appearances or behaviors • Unusual odors • Unusual Noises

  5. Step 2: Decide to Act • After you recognize that there has been an emergency , you need to act • Most people don’t act do to: • Presence of other people • Unsure of the ill or injured person’s condition • Type of injury or illness • Fear of catching a disease

  6. Step 2: Continued • Most people don’t act do to • Fear of doing something wrong • Fear of being sued • Being unsure of when to call 9-1-1

  7. Step 3: Activate the EMS System • By calling 9-1-1 • Local emergency number • Some places you have to dial 9 before calling out(schools, hotels, offices, etc.)

  8. Step4: Give Care Until Help Arrives • If you are prepared for unseen emergencies, you can ensure that care begins as soon as possible for • Always get permission to give care • Yourself • Family • Fellow citizens • If you are trained first aid, you can give help right away • First aid can be the difference between life and death • Always get permission to give care, this is referred to as consent

  9. Good Samaritan Law • NJ is a GOOD SAMARITAN law State • Law usually protects citizens who act the same way that a, • RESONABLE and PRUDENT person would • Move a person only if the persons life were in danger • Ask a conscious person for permission before giving care • Check the person for life threatening conditions before giving care • Continue to give care until more highly trained personnel arrive

  10. Good Samaritan Law • Laws were developed to encourage people to help others in emergency situations • Require the GOOD SAMARITAN to use • common sense • reasonable level of skill • Provide only the type of emergency first aid for which he or she is trained

  11. HIV, AIDS, and YOU • Acquired Immune deficiency syndrome • Conditioned caused by HIV • When HIV gets in to the body it damages the Immune systems that are supposed to fight infections. • Virus can grow quietly for months or even years • People with HIV might not feel or look sick • People with AIDS eventually develop life threatening infections, which can cause death • There is no current vaccine for HIV, prevention is the best tool

  12. Transmission of HIV During First Aid • 2 ways for HIV to be transmitted during first aid care • Unprotected direct contact with infected blood • Responder can contract HIV if they directly touched the infected person’s body fluids • Unprotected indirect contact with infected blood • HIV can be transmitted the responder picking up a blood soaked bandaged with the bare hand and the blood could enter through a cut

  13. First Aid Precautions with HIV • HIV transmission during first aid situation is very low • Always protect yourself from disease transmission • See page 6 in the book

  14. Cleaning up a blood spill • Clean up spill immediately • Use disposable gloves • Wipe up the spill with Paper towels • After area has been wiped up flood the area with solution, and allow it to stand for at least 10 minutes • Dispose of all contaminated materials, try to put it into a labeled biohazard container

  15. Be prepared • Keep medical info about you and your family in a handy place • Keep all emergency numbers in a handy place • Keep a first aid kit handy • Learn and practice CPR • Learn and practice how to use an AED

  16. Removing Gloves • Refer to page 12 and 13

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