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Preservation and Conservation Essentials: Protecting Documents and Historical Materials

Explore the causes of deterioration in documents and artifacts, including temperature, humidity, pollutants, light, and biological agents. Learn about maintaining optimal conditions and low-cost solutions. Discover proper storage techniques, environmental monitoring, and helpful conservation videos.

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Preservation and Conservation Essentials: Protecting Documents and Historical Materials

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  1. Document Conservation and Preservation Some Basic Issues And Methods

  2. Causes of Deterioration • Temperature and Relative Humidity. • Atmospheric Pollutants. • Light. • Biological Agents. • Abuse and Mismanagement. • Disasters.

  3. Paper and Acid • Acidity accounts for 90 percent of paper destruction. • Paper production. • Reasons for acidity. • Definition of acid and acid-free.

  4. Relative Humidity • Amount of water vapor actually held in a specific amount of air • low relative humidity may lead to desiccation and embrittlement of some materials • Fluctuations can cause cockling in paper, flaking ink, warped covers on books, cracked emulsion on photographs, and cause mold growth. • Steady RH between 45% and 60% should be the goal • no more that 5% shift in 24 hours period

  5. Are external pollutants filtered out? • Materials the displays are made from may outgas • Other exhibition materials may outgas • Gases form acids that attack exhibition materials and effect each media differently Air Quality Silver Mirroring Images courtesy of: http://iaq.dk/image.htm, http://iaq.dk/silvermirror/Gallery/Allsurface2.html

  6. Temperature • Temperature effects relative humidity • Heat accelerates deterioration: the rate of most chemical reactions, is approximately doubled with each increase in temperature of 10°C • Should remain fairly stable at or around 18-21C • no more than 5 degree shift per month • Lighting may raise temperature

  7. Photographic Security and Proper Storage • Metal Containers. • Temperature Constant: Prints, 65 degrees. Negatives, 45 degrees. • Humidity Constant: 45 percent. • Gloves and Use conditions. • Separate Negatives from Prints.

  8. Mold Damage Cockling Shrinking and Flaking Emulsion

  9. Low Cost Solutions • Implement an environmental monitoring program • Avoid basements and attics • Add weather stripping around doors and windows • Install an air conditioning unit • Ensure proper drainage around buildings • Install storm windows to moderate temps and reduce condensation • Use humidifiers and dehumifiers

  10. Conservation Videos National Archives http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmC10gCi-g0 Flattening Maps and Plans http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXrs8L-LUd8&NR=1 Photographic Preservation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcDlbNi-9D0&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geqVsJJK5rs

  11. The Archives Reading Room

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