MICE from New-York… … to RAL and beyond

1. MICE from New-York… … to RAL and beyond • Some news from the approval front • Funding hunt! Where do we stand? • Technical issues • Agenda of this meeting

2. Marching orders:

3. AB: « scientific approval » AB: « conditional to funding being secured » WBS!!

4. 1 Experimental detector issues 1.1 Sci-Fi tracker. good news: simulation of multiplexed tracker shows resolution degraded only by a factor of about 2. (shows that MS in tracker is large efect for non-mpx’d system) remains to include: RF-induced noise + nice strategy for alignment 1.2 TPG tracker 1.2.1 It is important to test a full drift length using the triple GEM technique … gave schedule of test for TPG this summer and milestone of ‘Tracino’ 1.2.2 Is the uniformity of "better than 1%", assumed for the 1000 mm by 300 mm diameter solenoid good enough for the imaging performance of the TPG? Here is a difficulty main problem is not just the B-field but the parallelism of B and E B will be measured but not E!  need a calibration/alignment strategy A complete calibration system for a TPG for MICE has not been fully designed, and a definite answer to this question is not possible at this point. This issue will clearly be addressed in the internal review leading to a choice for the tracker. In progress, remains to be checked and understood Some ideas… Needs to be firmed up!!!

5. 1.2.3 Has an estimate been made of the effect of RF noise and x-rays on the GEMs? Experiment done

6. 1.3 Timescales for the tracker described the procedure for choice, the names of internal referrees (Grégoire and Summers) and the goals to be achieved. See later today 1.4 Safety factor What is the loss performance in the spectrometers which will compromise the measurement? How large is the safety factor? recalled the requirement in the LOI (1/10 of the beam size at equilibrium emittance) beam size in transverse momentum is about 10 MeV at equilibrium emittance we have 110 keV Pt resolution with sci-fi 270keV multiplexed. 35 keV for TPG Safety factor is large, but systematic errors (alignment!) have not been taken into account. Hahmmm… see later today

7. 1.5 Particle ID concerns are the homogeneity of response over the required surface area, and how this can be proved, and the risk of bias (in terms of phase space population) through loss of muons by unwanted rejection in the particle ID systems (e.g. position, incident angle, and energy dependence of "over-vetoing" of electrons in the calorimeter or Cherenkov). problem surfaced! In fact the full downstream PID was designed for 200 MeV muons (not 200 MeV/c!) as a consequence the design should be revisited…… see Grichine’s talk tomorrow. Apart from this unpleasant discovery, which was not mentioned, the redundancy of the system should allow mapping of efficiency over the phase space. Examples were given. See Alessandra’s talk on Sunday Design and integration of downstream system is now a priority!

8. 2. General experimental questions 2.1 Is there a plausible general argument to support the claim that the correlation of the measurement of the emittance of the incoming and outgoing muons improves the statistical precision of the difference measurement? Gave ref. to Janot, who had observed the effect empirically. Plausibility argument: transverse momentum gained in absorbers (5 MeV/c) is smaller than intrinsic transverse momentum of the beam (10 MeV/c at eq. emittance, or more) NB this is very true at large emittance, maybe less so in the low emittance regime.

9. OK, but Bob does not believe in « emittance to 10-3 ! » 2.2There is a statement, "it is believed that the systematic errors on the ratio of the output to input emittance can be kept at the level of ± 10-3 or better", is this merely a pious hope, or is there evidence to justify it? • This was not too difficult. We need to control energy loss, Multiple scattering • and energy gains with required precision. • just two spectrometers -> measure ratio of emittance to << 10-3 • empty MICE and no RF should provide the same • fill absorbers, no RF  measure dE/dx and MS in LH2 • RF ‘ON’ measure energy gain as a function of RF phase • RF ‘ON’ vs RF ‘OFF’ measure effect of x-rays on trackers • in addition: • measure magnetic functions (magnetic measurements) •  measure RF volts (electric loop?) •  measure effective mass of LH2 in the way of muons (not so trivial) • measurement of the absorber thickness before installation, but with a filling of hydrogen, • measurement of the hydrogen pressure, • measurement of the hydrogen temperature.

10. m - STEP I: spring 2006 STEP II: summer 2006 STEP III: winter 2007 STEP IV: spring 2007 STEP V: fall 2007 STEP VI: 2008

11. 2.3 The re-weighing of the particle density is used as an argument to allow the experiment to make many studies with one data taking setting. However this comes at a price in terms of statistics. What would be the real statistics needed to reach the required effective statistics for the worst case? example 1: reweighting to achieve this curve would require factor 50 loss in particles. (run 50hrs instead of one)

12. Another case was emphasized by Bob: what is the loss in statistics that corresponds to reweighting a flat beam to a beam with such amplitude-momentum correlation? Still is? answer is: being calculated.

13. Further optical difficulty emphasized by Bob: beam is more comlicated than this: PSI solenoid dipole TOF 0 TOF 1 Muons beam is in fact quite divergent after solenoid. inefficient… much more counts in TOF0 than in TOF1… Not matched to detector solenoid does not produce momentum/angle correlation of neutrino factory does not produce energy spread of neutrino factory.  needs modifications, a focusing element somewhere. Solutions? =>Kevin Tiley/Tom Roberts pions

14. 2.4Is it possible to provide a plan of the envisaged experimental program, indicating which configurations will be explored, and what kind of changeover times are anticipated? This question has a bearing on the different magnetic forces which will be experienced. It also impacts the question of how essential the decay solenoid is for the beam line. • Rob delineated a rather complete description of the programme. • Solenoid is really more than welcome. issue:The useful fraction was estimated to be 4% at the time of the proposal, assuming an input pencil muon beam. More recent simulations using the real muon beam parameters have estimated this fraction to be smaller, approximately 0.1%. However, these simulations are continuing and are indicating that the addition of optical elements (quadrupoles or coils) along the beamline or in the 10m between the two diffusers could improve this number by a large factor, 50 or more. We are also investigating the real limits on the target thickness in the running conditions of MICE. As this work is not yet complete, the value of 0.1% is used for the programme below and this should be considered the minimum that MICE can achieve

15. 2.5 This question concerns the MICE proponents with input from expert committee members. Because of costs, etc., might it not be necessary to quantify the gains which may follow from exploring set-up VI, beyond set-up V, in figure 3.13. Is this step a luxury or prudent insurance against a situation where cooling is less then expected? • Answer: • this is one full cell of the cooling channel. • this configuration allows many different configurations to be tested • better use of the RF power vs cooling performance, at a reduced RF voltage  reduced x-ray background. • the incremental cost is 2.03 M $. • this is less than the incremental cost of a full-fledged tracker • Although the configuration of step V would be better than nothing, we believe that the full MICE configuration proposed is a much better choice.

16. 2.6Successful software simulation of the MICE results appears to be an important ingredient for extending the measurement to future cooling configurations. What steps are being taken within the MICE collaboration to set-up the appropriate software team? gave names of coordinators, activities of software team and achievements so far. However I think we are far from producing enough in software Much progress, still not there

17. 3. RF systems • This is perhaps the most challenging accelerator system in MICE, and the proposed 201 MHz cavity structure includes several new and novel aspects, which will need intense R and D effort before moving to construction. The introduction of cavity windows and the operation in a magnetic field are untried innovations. Several questions arise:- • * e-beam welds or braze joints • * best method to clean and bake cavities • lifetimes of windows • (. Ultimately, tests of the prototype 201 MHz cavity will be needed to fully assess this matter. These tests are foreseen when the prototype cavity is available, about 18 months from now.) • * use of copper or copperclad steel • * microphonic issues will be an important aspect of cavity timing-the cavity frequency bandwidth corresponds to a 30 µm window displacement • * cavity conditioning and multipactoring in the magnetic field-is there a gain from TiN coating • * effects at field reversal point • Is it possible to indicate a timescale and funding required to cover this R and D? Can it happen within the MUCOOL R & D program of MUTAC at FNAL? Have the proponents considered a small advisory group of recognized RF experts? See Derun’s talk

18. 4. Liquid hydrogen absorbers 4.1 The R and D on this system is widely dispersed. What are the plans for assembling and testing the completed system, liquid hydrogen container, vacuum, and focusing coils? Where will it occur? Who supplies the infrastructure and safety needs? While liquid hydrogen is the baseline absorber in MICE, to what extent can other absorbers be explored? Answer anticipated by creation of AFCSWG (M.Zisman et al) and YES other absorbers will be explored! see AFCSWG reports

19. 5. Beam line The committee heard that the proposed work plan for the ISIS division in the long shutdown projected to commence in Spring 2004, already stretches resources to the limit. This would appear to make the installation of the new MICE beamline practically impossible without increased effort. • The committee would like to hear whether simply enlarging the hole in the shielding wall in the next long shutdown is a possible way forward for MICE. When would the beamline be subsequently completed? Would this step preclude the use of the PSI solenoid? What delay might be envisaged for the MICE program? How would this step impact the required funding and resource profile for MICE? The committee understands that this is not the preferred schedule of MICE, but it may prove to be a realistic one. What is the timescale for a decision on the possible use of the PSI solenoid? • The delay to MICE is likely to be 6 months to one year. • Summary: • PSI solenoid decision in early 2004, likely to be at RAL in first half of 2005. • Full beam line ready second quarter of 2006: this depends on the timing of the next long shutdown which is likely to be driven by MICE and the neutron community. • Resource profile will always be peaked during a shutdown: requires MICE to be the dominant activity in the shutdown/shutdown length to accommodate MICE

20. 6 Funding The committee realizes that the cost estimates as presented are "physicists'" estimates. This is always a necessary first step. However these estimates must be firmed up with adequate documentation, before funding agencies will give serious attention to a funding request. What steps are envisaged to move forward? Is there a clear view of what amounts are expected from the various agencies involved? Some funds seem to be assumed from MUCOOL R&D, will this continue? What funds, if any, does MICE have already, a piece of MUTAC? It would seem sensible to consider two funding scenarios. One profile which is front loaded to make maximum use of the 2004 shutdown-the preferred profile. A second which makes minimum use of the 2004 shutdown. 6 ANSWER What steps are envisaged to move forward? The cost estimates presented in the proposal have been evaluated by the proponents of each subsystem for which they are considered responsible and correspond to the amount that they need to request in order to fulfil their commitment. see table 6 for detailed breakdown (sums up to proposal)

21. Problems in the funding: • 0. funding request from UK under scrutiny (~10 M£ indicated, vs 21 requested) • some funding proposals have not been submitted yet (Italy, France, etc..) • 2. there are difficulties doing so. (needs approval to be stated) • WBS will help us see more clearly. • Next big chunk is USA • Detector solenoid (‘Italy’) is on critical path and funding is « ? » • RF sources: much progress… (‘CERN+LBL+ etc…) see Roy Churches discussion on Saturday. What is this?

22. There will be a financial revue on 12 december 2003 Paul Drumm (project manager) will have to provide a better understood table of Costs and responsibilities. Please help him by answering questions quickly and frankly!!!!

23. 7. Timescales The committee understands that the preferred MICE timescale as outlined in figure 3.13 is driven by the feeling that a result is needed by 2007. If minimal use is made of the 2004 shutdown how would the dates be modified? The committee would like to see some milestones which would allow the steps of figure 3.13 to be realized as presented in the proposal, or possibly a modified set of steps from figure 3.13. The most obvious milestones are, * date of beamline completion for step I. * date of decision on trackers for steps II and III. * length of time remaining for R and D on the liquid hydrogen absorbers in order to go into production, achieve a sub-system test, and be ready for step IV. * length of time remaining for RF R and D to produce cavities in time for steps V and VI. * start dates for coil production ­ focusing, coupling, matching, spectrometer, to mesh into the above steps.

24. Milestone Start date 1 2 3 4 5 6 Characterization of muon beam Commissioning of first spectrometer Commissioning of both spectrometers Measurements with one absorber Measurements with two absorbers and one RF cavity Measurements with the full version of MICE Q2 2006 Q3 2006 Q1 2007 Q2 2007 Q4 2007 Q1 2008 Table 7:1 Revised milestones that result from a preliminary analysis of the consequences of performing a minimum of work in the next ISIS long shutdown that is scheduled for spring 2004.

25. m - STEP I: spring 2006 STEP II: summer 2006 STEP III: winter 2007 STEP IV: spring 2007 STEP V: fall 2007 STEP VI: 2008

26. 8. Management issues The Rutherford Laboratory is proposing to host MICE. This role will bring significant international visibility to RAL, but it will also demand considerable responsibilities if the project is to proceed successfully. The following observations are made. There is a need for an overall, fairly senior, Project Leader. The RAL team should contain sufficient expertise in sub-systems (RF, magnets, absorbers, etc.) to play a leading role in helping to define them, so that there are no surprises in the "in kind" equipment which arrives at the laboratory for installation. In addition the laboratory will need to supply appropriate engineering coordination to provide the beamline, the infrastructure for the installation of subsystems and spectrometers, plus define, implement and manage safety systems. There will also be a need for an experienced UK physicist to assist in the liaison with the physics groups providing the detector components. The funding for MICE will include international contributions. It would seem prudent to envisage some form of "agency committee" which monitors the funding during the provision of the MICE equipment. There has been no mention of MICE operating funds-a common fund? RAL? The committee feels that it is not too early for the laboratory to begin to formulate and present a management plan for hosting MICE at RAL.

27. The funding for MICE will include international contributions. It would seem prudent to envisage some form of “agency committee” which monitors the funding during the provision of the MICE equipment. There has been no mention of MICE operating funds—a common fund? RAL? As stated above, it is planned to create the “agency committee” either by expanding the membership of the Joint Project Board or by creating an equivalent body. Initial contacts with the relevant funding agencies in Europe, the US and Japan are in the process of being made. It is planned to have a common fund to cover elements of the installation of MICE, running and dismantling. Initial ideas for this were presented to the MICE collaboration meeting at the end of March and a first proposal will be made by mid-May. This fund will managed through RAL. Collaboration board item tonight.

28. the response from IPRP has been very positive ‘strongly recommends approval of the project’ (…) (…) The choice of future facilities which can be proposed for exploitation by the world community of high energy physicists is determined by the research and development in accelerator physics carried out in the world’s HEP laboratories. As a prime example, there could not be the possibility of an e+e- Linear Collider without the work of DESY, KEK and SLAC. Implementation of MICE at RAL will strengthen the laboratory as a member of the high-energy physics global accelerator network. UK physicists, working with their international collaborators, will be able to provide a unique result in accelerator physics which is required if muons are ever to be considered as candidate accelerated particles, and the UK will become an attractive venue for some of the world’s leading accelerator physicists.

29. management issues. The IPRP made a number of additional recommendations – to the RAL management and to the MICE collaboration Independent Cost and Schedule Review Project Management Methodology Technical Liaison A Technical Advisory Committee An Agency Committee see the report from the IPRP for more details. main MICE responsibilities:  submit remaining proposals to funding agencies asap.  begin to reflect on management methodology  establish charter, and common fund proposal should we be more proactive

30. Project Management Methodology · The RAL management, working together with the MICE collaboration, needs to develop a full work breakdown structure (WBS) or its equivalent. Such a document should enumerate all the required tasks, down at least to level 4, cost estimate each task as well as its basis, and establish a resource loaded schedule. Such a document is indispensable to assure that the costs and schedule are complete and reasonable, that no essential tasks have been left out and that the responsibility for each part of the project is clearly defined. It will also facilitate identification of important integration issues.

31. Friday 31 October 2003 Plenary meeting morning 9:00-9:15 RAL official Welcome 9:15-9:20 Edgecock Practical announcements 9:20-9:45 Blondel/Kaplan Aims of the collaboration meeting 10:00-10:45 Drumm Project manager report, WBS 10:45-11:00 Coffee BEAM 11:00-11:20 Kevin Tilley Status of studies at RAL 11:25-11:55 Tom Roberts G4 and ICOOL simulations of MICE muon beam 12:00-12:15 Alain Blondel Beam tracking detector requirements 12:15-12:30 All discussion 12:30-13:30 Lunch

32. Friday afternoon 31 October TRACKER DISCUSSION Nb. Speakers and contents of this session being worked on for feverishly 13:30-13:50 Yagmur Torun Summary of results on dark currents and noise levels 13:55-14:25 Malcolm Ellis Scifi results and comparison with tracker document 14:30-15:00 t.b.a. TPG results and comparison with tracker document 15:05-15:20 Alan Bross Comparison of noise and background capability 15:25-15:45 Alain Blondel Comparison of tracking capability and systematics 15:45-16:00 Coffee 16:00-16:15 Summers/Grégoire Comparison of practicalities, e.g. cost, manufacture, organization, etc 16:20-16:40 Grégoire/Summers Referees report 16:40-17:00 Discussion/conclusions -- -- -- 17:30-19:30 Collaboration board*) 20:00 COLLABORATION DINNER

33. Collaboration board agenda Presentation of overall cost of MICE and proposal for common funds (Paul Drumm) Situation of contributions or funding requests MICE constitution approval (P. Dornan et al) Organization of spokesperson election Proposal for next collaboration meetings in 2004-2005 (V. Palladino)Proposal for times and dates of video/phone conferences (Y. Torun) Matters arising from collaboration meeting. Recommendations on tracker choice (referees) and consequences. (no later than 19:00): discussion with A. Taylor (Head, ISIS) and K. Peach (Head, RAL Particle Physics department) end: 19:30 on Friday continuation if necessary on Saturday 18:00.

34. Saturday 1st November Morning 9:00-9:15 CB chair Report from Collaboration board 9:20-9:55 Bob Palmer Design principles of MICE Flips and no-flips 9:55-10:15 Ulisse Bravar alignment & constructional tolerances for the magnets 10:15-10:45 Mike Green Magnets overview 10:45-11:00 Coffee 11:00-11:15 Giles Barr Focus coils 11:20-11:40 Jim Rochford Forces, stray fields, shielding 11:45-12:00 Ghislain Grégoire Shielding the detectors against mag. fields 12:00-12:30 All discussion 12:30-13:30 Lunch

35. Saturday 1st November Afternoon RF 13:30-14:10 Roy Church RF power sources 14:15-14:25 Blondel (discussion) Financing RF power sources 14:30-14:50 Derun Li 200MHz RF prototype production Absorbers 14:55-15:15 Win Lau Absorber windows 15:20-15:40 Shigeru Ishimoto MICE absorbers 15:45-16:00 Coffee 16:00-16:20 Ed Black Absorbers interchange 16:25-16:50 MaryAnne Cummings Liq H2 Safety 16:55-17:20 Elwyn Baynham Summary of discussions with RAL safety 17:25-17:50 Debbie Errede Cooling Cell Instrumentation 18:00 Collaboration board continuation if needed.

36. Sunday 2nd November Morning Steve Kahn Alessandra Tonazzo Ed Black Software and detectors 9:00-9:35 Alessandra Tonazzo Summary of detector session 9:40-10:00 Yagmur Torun Status and plans of software project 10:05-10:20 Heat deposition in absorbers and coils 10:25-10:45 Calorimeter optimization 10:45-11:00 Coffee INFRASTRUCTURE & INTEGRATION 11:00-11:30 Mike Zisman Report from AFCSWG 11:35-12:00 Steve Virostek Integration of RF module 12:05-12:30 Cooling channel to detector integration 12:30-13:30 Lunch 13:30-13:55 Iouri Ivaniouchenkov MICE at RAL 14:00-14:30 Dan Kaplan Close and action items

37. Conclusions: • MICE are scientifically approved but there is a lot to do! • approval probability has never been so high, yet it is not 100%! • action items: • Beam line/matching design. • Do you know of a pair of coils that could be used? • 2. RF power source design • 3. Re-design downstream PID to larger momentum bite • 4. Tracker choice (october 2003 – firm!) hardware and software • 5. find funding (some still needs to be proposed and defined!) • 6. safety review, refine the project etc… • This is an exciting time, but not a time to relax or disperse! • Many fronts are open! See progress at this meeting Rome was not built in one day