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Centrifugal Pump Basics

Centrifugal Pump Basics. Terms commonly used in the pumping industry. Centrifugal Pump Basics. Centrifugal, (Sen-trif’-u-gal) Tending to fly from a center Thrown from a center Centrifugal pump impeller does just that

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Centrifugal Pump Basics

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  1. Centrifugal Pump Basics Terms commonly used in the pumping industry

  2. Centrifugal Pump Basics • Centrifugal, (Sen-trif’-u-gal) • Tending to fly from a center • Thrown from a center • Centrifugal pump impeller does just that • Water drawn into impeller eye, accelerated down the blades and thrown against pump casing that directs flow out of discharge

  3. Impeller Rotation Liquid into impeller eye from pump suction Centrifugal Pump Basics Centrifugal Pump

  4. Centrifugal Pump Basics Centrifugal Pump Curve

  5. Centrifugal Pump Basics Centrifugal Pump Curve

  6. Centrifugal Pump Basics Basic Fluid Facts 1” 1” • 1 Gallon of water (U.S. @ 60DegF) weighs 8.33 lbs • 1 cubic foot of water contains 7.48 gallons • Specific Gravity (Sp Gr) of a fluid is the relationship of the density (lbs/ft3) to that of water (62.3 lbs/ft3) 2.31 ft 1 psig WATER COLUMN

  7. WATER 1.0 sp gr GASOLINE 0.8 sp gr BRINE 1.2 sp gr 231 ft 100 psig 80 psig 120 psig Pump head (ft) = psig*2.31 sp gr hp = gpm*hd*sp gr*100 3960*Pump Eff Centrifugal Pump Basics Specific Gravity Pump Shut-off Head 231ft

  8. Centrifugal Pump Basics BASIC FLUID FACTS 1” 1 inch square column of air, the height of the earth’s atmosphere (From Sea Level) weights 14.7 lbs 1” 0 psig 14.7 psia Air Column

  9. For variations in impeller diameter, at constant speed: D1 = Q1 = H1BHP1 = D13 D2 Q2 H2 BHP2 D23 For variations in speed, with constant impeller diameter: S1 = Q1 = H1BHP1 = S13 S2 = Q2 H2 BHP2 S23 Where: D = Impeller Diameter (Ins / mm) H = Pump Head (Ft / m) Q = Pump Capacity (gpm / lps) S = Speed (rpm / rps) BHP = Brake Horsepower (Shaft Power - hp / kW)   Centrifugal Pump Basics Basic Centrifugal Pump Equations

  10. Centrifugal Pump Basics System Resistance Friction Loss for Water in Commercial Steel Pipe (Schedule 40)

  11. Centrifugal Pump Basics Open & Closed Systems • A “Closed” hydronic system is one that has only one interface with air or flexible membrane • An “Open” hydronic system is one that has more than one interface with air or a flexible membrane

  12. Centrifugal Pump Basics “Closed” System Balancing Valve 3-Way Control Valve Isolating Valve LOAD LOAD LOAD BUILDING HEIGHT LOAD EXPANSION SOURCE

  13. System Resistance Curve Friction Losses CAPACITY Centrifugal Pump Basics “Closed” System Resistance Curve

  14. Static Head Static Suction Head CONDENSER Centrifugal Pump Basics “Open” System

  15. System Head Curve Friction Losses HEAD Total Static Head CAPACITY Centrifugal Pump Basics “Open” System Resistance Curve

  16. BALANCING VALVE 2 WAY CONTROL VALVE ISOLATING VALVE LOAD LOAD LOAD BUILDING HEIGHT LOAD EXPANSION SOURCE Centrifugal Pump Basics “Closed” System with Minimum Maintained Pressure

  17. Centrifugal Pump Basics “Closed” System Resistance Curve with Minimum Maintained Pressure System Head Curve Friction Losses HEAD Minimum Maintained Pressure CAPACITY

  18. Centrifugal Pump Basics Terms commonly used in the pumping industry

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