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Environment Engineering I

AnNajah National University Civil Engineering Department. Environment Engineering I. Chapter Eight -section 1. Water Quality Management. Dr. Amal Hudhud Dr. Abdel Fattah Hasan. Introduction.

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Environment Engineering I

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  1. AnNajah National University Civil Engineering Department Environment Engineering I Chapter Eight -section 1 Water Quality Management Dr. Amal Hudhud Dr. Abdel Fattah Hasan

  2. Introduction How we used the water in lake , river, pond, stream is generally influence by the quality of water found on. Water quality managers are concerned with controlling pollution from human activity Assimilated means : to know how much waste can be tolerated by a water body

  3. Introduction • By understanding how pollutants effects water quality, Environment Engineer can properly design treatment facilities • This chapter deals with the major types of pollutants and their resources, water quality management in river and Groundwater quality

  4. . Water pollutants & their resources

  5. Point sources (1) • Example: domestic and industrial wastes, they collected by networks and converted to a single point. • Can be reduced by minimizing waste and proper WWT

  6. Non Point sources(2) 1) Example :urban and agricultural runoff 2)Multiple discharge points, polluted water flows over the surface of the land 3) Treatment is more difficult

  7. Oxygen demanding Materials (3) Anything that can be oxidized in the receiving water resulting in the consumption of Dissolve oxygen (DO) Example : human waste and food residue Depletion of DOthreat fish and other aquatic life

  8. Nutrients (4) • Nitrogen & Phosphorus • All living thing require them for growth • Problem arise when nutrients level become excessive lead to large growth of algae which turn to Oxygen Demanding Materials

  9. Pathogenic organisms (5) • Found in Waste water • Example : bacteria, viruses, Protozoa • Discharge to surface water make water unfit for drinking, swimming or to fishing

  10. Suspended solids (6) • Organic and inorganic particles carried by wastewater to a receiving body can be settled if the flow velocity reduced • Organic particle cause depletion of DO • Non organic particle leads to light penetration decrease, cause turbidity, bacteria growth

  11. Salts (7) • Total dissolve solids : salts and other matter that do not evaporate • Increase salt concentration • threaten natural population of plants and animals • Threaten public water supply and irrigation • Soil poisoning

  12. Toxic Metals and toxic organic compounds(8) • Sources: Industrial waste water, pesticides .herbicides • Urban and agricultural Runoff

  13. Others • Endocrine disrupting chemicals • Arsenic (Naturally occur) • Heat : increase of water temperature effect on : • Salmon migration, • increase of Oxygen Depletion rate,

  14. Water Quality Management in River Water quality management includes: • Measure the pollutants • Predict their effect on water quality • Determine background water quality that would be present with human intervention • Decide the levels acceptable for intended uses of the water

  15. Water quality management considered: • The nature of pollutants • The characteristic of individual river • Climate of the region • Land use patterns • Type of aquatic life in the river

  16. Oxygen–demanding materials and nutrients • Oxygen –demanding materials and nutrients are the most common polluters in almost all type of river • Organic oxygen demanding materials are commonly measured by determining the amount of oxygen consumed during degradation of organic matter

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