1 / 12

Cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases. Dr Hazem Al-Ahmad B.D.S, MSc (Lon), F.D.S.R.C.S (Eng). Cardiovascular disease. Oral-maxillofacial surgery has minor direct imapct on vital organ systems.

valmai
Télécharger la présentation

Cardiovascular diseases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cardiovascular diseases Dr Hazem Al-Ahmad B.D.S, MSc(Lon), F.D.S.R.C.S (Eng)

  2. Cardiovascular disease • Oral-maxillofacial surgery has minor direct imapct on vital organ systems. • Physiologic stresses produced by surgery and anaesthetic techniques can lead to serious morbidity and mortality

  3. Ischaemic heart disease • Insufficent blood supply to the myocardium due to coronary artery obstruction and spasm – myocardial ischaemia. • Angina pectoris – stable/unstable • Risk factors: family hx, male, increased cholesterol, hypertension, smoking. • Nitroglycerin – submucosal for angina only.

  4. ECG: ST elevation Can detect old infarct • Chest x-ray: can detect congestive heart failure • Condition needs to be controlled before surgery. • Postpone surgery after MI for 6 months – risk of re-infarction.

  5. Myocardial infarction • Infarcted area become non-functional and necrotic – dysrhythmias. • May need a pacemaker • Some pts receive aspirin or anticoagulants • Anxiety-reduction protocol • Prohpylactic GTN

  6. Heart failure • Right and left ventricular dysfunction • Diseased myocardium can not meet the demand – pulmonary edema, hepatic dysfunction • Orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

  7. High risk for major cardiac events • Risk can be reduced with: Diuretic therapy Afterload reduction Digoxin therapy Anxiety-reduction program Avoid excessive epinephrine No supine position

  8. Coronary artery bypass grafting • Delay major surgery for 6 months after CABG, • Routine MOS can be safely performed with anxiety reduction protocols.

  9. Coronary angioplasty • Same for angina patients

  10. Cardiovascular accidents • Patients on anticoagulants • Blood pressure lowering agents • Anxiety reduction protocols • Oxygen suuplements

  11. Dysrhythmias • Decrease epinephrine • Anticoagulants or pacemakers (avoid electric cautery)

  12. Hypertension • Essential hypertension • Damage to vital organs: kidneys, brain, heart. • Many treatment options: diuretics,ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, B-blockers, calcium channels blockers and others. • Delay elective surgery if uncontrolled. • Low anxiety, low epinephrine.

More Related