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The French Revolution: Causes and Social Structure

The year 1789 marked the onset of the French Revolution, a pivotal moment in history that aimed to establish a new political and social order. Unlike the American Revolution, the French Revolution was characterized by complexity, violence, and radical change. Key factors leading to the revolution included deep-rooted societal issues and the structure of the Three Estates. France's population was divided into three estates: the clergy (First Estate), the nobility (Second Estate), and the commoners (Third Estate), each with distinct privileges and responsibilities that contributed to the unrest.

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The French Revolution: Causes and Social Structure

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  1. Chapter 11 Section 1 ACOS 5

  2. Background to the Revolution • 1789 marked the beginning of a new U.S., and the beginning of the French Revolution. • Compared to the American Revolution, the French Revolution was more complex, more violent, and far more radical. • It tried to create a new political order and a new social order.

  3. Background to the Revolution • Some of the causes to the Revolution are: • Long range problems- these are to be found in the condition so f French society. • Immediate forces

  4. Three Estates • France’s population of 27 million was dived into three estates. • First Estate: consisted of the clergy and numbered about 130,000. These people owned approximately 10% of the land and were exempt from the taille.

  5. Three Estates • Second Estate: included the nobility and numbered about 350,000 people. Nobles owned about 25 to 30 % of the land. They held many important positions in the government, military, law courts, and churches. They were also exempt from the taille. • Third Estate: included the commoners. They made up the overwhelming majority of the French population. They were divided by vast differences in occupation, level of education, and wealth.

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