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ELISA

ELISA. By: Daniel Liu Class: Biology Teacher: Simonof. The uses of this test:. Test for antigens Test for antibodies Test blood for allergen reaction antigens Test food for allergens Test blood for HCG. Testing for antigens/antibodies.

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ELISA

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  1. ELISA By: Daniel Liu Class: Biology Teacher: Simonof

  2. The uses of this test: • Test for antigens • Test for antibodies • Test blood for allergen reaction antigens • Test food for allergens • Test blood for HCG

  3. Testing for antigens/antibodies • In each scenario a micro titer plate is lined with antigens to test for antibodies and vise versa. • Testing for antigens is called an Direct ELISA test • Testing for antibodies is called an Indirect ELISA test ~Keep in mind the immune system releases fighting allies to get rid of intruders in your system. The allies are called antibodies and the intruders are antigens.

  4. *Color Change ~Rinsing after every step is important because it clear out the antigens/antibodies that don’t stick

  5. Testing food for allergens • In the case of food when a food that carries an allergen enters your body, your body sends out antibodies to attack them. • So whenever you eat that food it is basically like you are getting sick and your body is having a “war”everytime the food allergen comes enters your body.

  6. Foods made in a factory line are a huge problem because bits of other foods could be manufactured into the processed food. • This means you can accidently eat something you are allergic to without even knowing.

  7. Factories uses 2 different tests to see if the food allergen was picked up along the line: • ELISA test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) • PCR (Polymerase chain reaction)

  8. ELISA vs PCR • ELISA: ~Pros: A cheap and quick way to test for the allergens (proteins) in foods ~Cons: Once food is heated the protein is changed and you can’t detect them anymore (Dangerous because the allergens can still cause harm to the consumers even if heated and undetected) • PCR: ~Pros: Very accurate in testing because it tests for the DNA of the allergens (The DNA is still intact after heating) ~Cons: Expensive and timely processes

  9. Testing for HCG • HCG is a pregnancy hormone that can be detected through test strips. • The 3 zones of the test strips are layers with antibodies that act differently depending on if HCG is in your urine. • There are two results in a HCG test: • Positive: HCG is found in your urine • Negative: No HCG present

  10. The 3 zones of test strip: The Reaction Zone, Test Zone, and Control Zone • ~The Test and Control Zone both have a red dye substrate • Positive result: The last two zones will have color change • - The HCG brings along the antibodies in the 1st zone and flows along. They attach to the last 2 zones and the enzymes activate the red dye substrate • Negative result: Only the last zone has color change • -The antibodies in the 1st zone is carried along and flows though the 2nd zone and attaches to the last zoneand the enzymes activates the red dye substrate

  11. Sources • http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/ELISA.html • http://bcs.whfreeman.com/stryer/cat_040/ch04/ch04xd06.htm • http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/blood-test • http://www.microbac.com/uploads/Technical%20Articles/pdf/ELISA%20and%20PCR%20Method%20Allergen%20Testing%20in%20Food%20Products.pdf • http://www.as.nchu.edu.tw/lab/5c/course/antibody/week%2010%20ELISA.pdf ~Thank you for listening and hope you enjoyed my PowerPoint

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