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Post-Cold War America

Post-Cold War America. North America: Themes and Problems Term 3, Week 3. Lecture Outline. Bush and the New World Order America’s Failing Economy Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm William Jefferson Clinton & the Republican Revolution A New Foreign Policy: Somalia and Kosovo

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Post-Cold War America

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  1. Post-Cold War America North America: Themes and Problems Term 3, Week 3

  2. Lecture Outline • Bush and the New World Order • America’s Failing Economy • Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm • William Jefferson Clinton & the Republican Revolution • A New Foreign Policy: Somalia and Kosovo • Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell, Hillary-Care, and Monica Lewinski • Bush v. Gore • New York, Afghanistan and Iraq • The Dot-Com and Real Estate Crashes

  3. George H. W. Bush and the New World Order • 1988 ElectionBush wins 54%Democrats Retain Congress • End of an EraFall of the Berlin WallConclusion of Proxy WarfareEnd of Apartheid • Dividends of Peace?Military Funding not Channelled into Domestic Programmes

  4. America’s Domestic Economy • Enactment of American’s with Disabilities Act (1990)Outlawed Discrimination in Employment and Education • Saving and Loan ScandalInvestments in Response to InflationDeregulation and Risky Mortgages$400 Billion Bailout (Secured Deposits) • Federal Deficit‘Read my lips, No New Taxes’Deficit nears £300 Billion (1992)

  5. Operations Desert Shield and Storm • US Support of Iraq in Iran-Iraq War • Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait (2 Aug 1990)UN Economic Sanctions and Ultimatum • US Bombing of Baghdad (16 Jan 1991) • Retaliation against Israel & Saudi Arabia • Boots on the Ground (23 Feb 1991) • 200,000 US troops under Swartzkohf • 148 US dead • 25000-65000 Iraqi Dead

  6. Clarence Thomas • Supreme Court Nominee • Limited Judicial ExperienceStrong Conservative Views2nd African American on the S. Court • Confirmation Hearings • Claims of Sexual HarassmentGender PoliticsRace Politics

  7. William Jefferson Clinton • Dark Horse Candidate from ArkansasSouthern VP (Albert Gore, Jr.) • Rock the Vote20% Increase in Youth Voting (1992) • It’s the Economy, StupidEnvironmental ProtectionHealth Care Reform • Three-Way Split in ElectorateClinton 43%Bush 38%Perot 19%

  8. Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell • Campaign Promise to Remove Ban on Homosexuality in the Military • Backlash from Military and Conservative Groups • Ill-Fitting Compromise

  9. The Republican Revolution • New DemocratsAttempt to Avoid ‘Tax-and-Spend’ ImageFailures on DADT, HealthCare • Republican Reclaim Congress (1994)Headed by Speaker of the HouseSupport from Christian Coalition & NRA • Contract With America (1994)Newt Gingrich Reform PackageReclaim both Houses of Congress

  10. The Republican Revolution • Republican ReformsAid to Families with Dependent Children‘Welfare to Work’ Programme (1996)Welfare Claimants fall 57% • Project for a New American Century (1997)Neo-Conservative ManifestoCulture Warriors • Gingrich ScandalsMarital Infidelity$4.5 Publishing Advance from Murdoch

  11. Somalia • Overthrow of Somali Presidency (1991)Four Opposing FactionsCivil War Destroys Infrastructure • Operation Provide Relief (1992)Insufficient to Stem Humanitarian Crisis • Attack on Safe HouseAimed at Killing President AididDecimated Somali Government • Battle of Mogadishu (1993)Inspires ‘Black Hawk Down’

  12. Kosovo • YugoslaviaFormer Soviet RepublicFederal Central GovernmentCentralisation Leads to Ethnic Clashes • Serbia Attacks BosniaUN Peace KeepingNATO Humanitarian BombingDayton (Ohio) Accords • Serbian Ethnic Cleansing in KosovoUS coming of Belgrade (1998)Capture of Slobodan Milsosevic (2001)

  13. China • Chinagate (1996)Violations of Election LawsAccused of Foreign Funding of DNC22 Convictions • US-Chinese VisitsJiang Zemin Visits US in 1997Clinton Visits PRC in 1998 • US-China Relations Act (2000)Decade-long NegotiationsAllowed Permanent Trade with ChinaFacilitate Chinese Entry into WTOConcerns over Human Rights

  14. Boom Economy • ‘Progressivism-Lite’Middle Class ‘Soccer Moms’NAFTA (1993)Low Unemployment (4%)Deficit Reduction Rise of the Dot-ComsInternet Ventures with Grossly Inflated Stock ValueDow Jones rises 3000 to 12000Rising Real Estate Inexpensive MortgagesRapidly Increasing Equity • Wealth Disparity Still Increases

  15. Impeachment Proceedings • Paula Jones Civil SuitAlleged Harassment when Governor of Arkansas • Monika LewinskyEvidence of Continuing MisconductDenial under OathImpeachment by HouseNo Conviction by Senate • Political Repercussions Continued High Approval RatingGender Politics

  16. September 11th 2001 • Four Commercial Jets Hijacked240 Passengers and Crew Killed • World Trade Centre Destroyed2800 Lives Lost • Pentagon Attacked245 Lives Lost • Fourth Crash Prevented from Reaching Target

  17. Patriotic Revival • Conspicuous Patriotism • US PATRIOT Act (2001) • ‘Go Shopping’ • "I've been told that some fear to leave; some don't want to go shopping for their families; some don't want to go about their ordinary daily routines because, by wearing cover, they're afraid they'll be intimidated” • 17 September 2001

  18. Afghanistan and Iraq • 9/11 Attacks an ‘Act of War’Senate Authorises ‘All necessary and Appropriate Force’ to Retaliate and Prevent Future Attacks • 7 October 2001NATO-Supported Invasion of Afghanistan • 19-21 March 2003US-Led Invasion of Iraq

  19. Troubles at Home • Alaskan Drilling (2001)Concerns over Environmental Impact • No Child Left Behind (2001)Reduction of Federal FundingTeaching for the Test • Hurricane Katrina (2005)Accusations of ClassismAccusations of Racism

  20. Troubles at Home • Glass–Steagall Act (1933) Repealed (1999)Deregulation of Investment and Commercial Banking Firms • Lehman Brothers Fails (2008)Nationwide ForeclosuresGlobal Banking Crisis • Bush-Obama Bailout

  21. Change?

  22. Post-Cold War America • Continuing Conservatism in Both Parties • Steady Return to Military Interventionism • Growing Affluence and Wealth Disparity • Rise of Globalism • Moderation by Extremes

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