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Understanding Life: Characteristics, Classification, and Survival Needs

This lesson explores the fundamental aspects of life, including the characteristics common to all living organisms such as cellular organization, the need for energy, and the importance of reproduction. We investigate where living things originate and what they require to survive, such as food, water, living space, and stable internal conditions. Additionally, we discuss the classification of life, identifying the vast number of species through a systematic approach established by Carolus Linnaeus. This foundational knowledge aids in understanding biological diversity and the interactions of life forms.

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Understanding Life: Characteristics, Classification, and Survival Needs

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 1

  2. Lesson 1What is life?

  3. BIG QUESTION #1 • What are the characteristics of all living things?

  4. 1. Cellular Organization • All living organisms are made of small building blocks called cells.

  5. 2. Chemicals of Life • The cells of living organisms are made of chemicals. The most abundant chemical in cells is water.

  6. 3. Energy Use • All living organisms get energy from taking in and breaking down materials.

  7. 4. Response to Surroundings • All living organisms react to changes in their environment.

  8. 5. Growth and Development • All living organisms grow and develop.

  9. 6. Reproduction • All living organisms are able to reproduce.

  10. BIG QUESTION #2 • Where do living things come from?

  11. Answer to Big Question #2 • Living things arise from other living things through reproduction. Not through spontaneous generation!

  12. BIG QUESTION #3 • What does all life need to survive?

  13. 1. Food • All living organisms need a source of energy to live. They use food as their energy source.

  14. 2. Water • All living organisms need water to survive.

  15. 3. Living Space • All living organisms need a place to live--a place to get food and water and find shelter.

  16. 4. Stable Internal Conditions • All living organisms must be able to keep the conditions inside their bodies’ stable, even when conditions in their surroundings change significantly.

  17. Redi’sExperimentPasteur’s Experiment • Experiments

  18. Chapter 1 Lesson 2Classifying Life M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  19. Species of Organisms • There are 13 billion known species of organisms • This is only 5% of all organisms that ever lived!!!!! • New organisms are still being found and identified M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  20. What is Classification? Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities Classification is also known as taxonomy Taxonomists are scientists that identify & name organisms M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  21. Confusion in Using Different Languages for Names M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  22. Big Question #1 • Question: Why Do Biologists Classify Organisms? • Answer: Biologists use classification to organize living things into groups so that the organisms are easier to study.

  23. Latin Names are Understood by all Taxonomists M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  24. Carolus Linnaeus1707 – 1778 • 18th century taxonomist • Classified organisms by their structure • Developed naming system still used today M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  25. Carolus Linnaeus • Called the “Father of Taxonomy” • Developed the modern system of naming known as binomial nomenclature • Two-word name (Genus & species) M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  26. Standardized Naming • Binomial nomenclature used • Genus species • Latin or Greek • Italicized in print • Capitalize genus, but NOT species • Underline when writing Turdus migratorius American Robin M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  27. Binomial Nomenclature M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  28. Big Question #2 • QUESTION: What are the levels of classification? • ANSWER: • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  29. Domains of LifeADD THIS TO YOUR NOTE SHEET • 1. Eukarya(protists, fungi, plants, animals) = nucleus! • 2. Bacteria = no nucleus • 3. Archaea = no nucleus

  30. M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  31. Big Question #3 • QUESTION: How Are Taxonomic Keys Useful? • ANSWER: They are useful tools that help determine the identity of organisms.

  32. Dichotomous Keying • Used to identify organisms • Characteristics given in pairs • Read both characteristics and either go to another set of characteristics OR identify the organism M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

  33. THE END

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