1. Barbiturates Lindsey Doran

2. Chemical /Brand Names • Pentobarbital (Nembutal) • Secobarbital (Seconal) • Amobarbital (Amytal) • Phenobarbital (Luminal)

3. Street Names • Barbs • Block Busters • Christmas Trees • Goof Balls • Pinks • Red Devils • Reds & Blues • Yellow Jackets • Blue Heavens • Amy’s • Rainbows • Bluebirds • Downers • Blues • Tootsies

4. Actions • Inhibits CNS • Reduce anxiety • Reduce respiration • Reduce blood pressure • Reduce heart rate • Reduce rapid eye movement • Induce sleep

5. History • Barbital (barbitone) was synthesized and introduced, in 1903 under the brand name Veronal, as a sedative. Barbiturates were an effective sedative for the terminally nervous. • First introduced for medical use in the early 1900s. More than 2,500 were synthesized but only about 50 were marketed for human use. • Founded by Adolph von Bayer…. • The name comes from the day of discovery which was the feast day of Saint Barbara, so he named his discovery Barbara's urates in her honor

6. Medical Use • Humans: insomnia, preoperation sedation, seizure disorder • Animals:anesthesia euthanasia • Low dose takes between 15-40 minutes to work • High doses take about an hour but last for 12 hours.

7. Schedule Rating • Barbituartes are classified under II, III, and IV. • Schedule II short-acting (preferred by abusers) amobarbital(Amyta®), pentobarbital (Nembutal®), secobarbital (Seconal®), and Tuinal (an amobarbital/secobarbital combination product). • Schedule III drugs thiamyl (Surital®) and thiopental (Pentothal®)butalbital(Fiorina®), butabarbital (Butisol®), talbutal (Lotusate®), and aprobarbital (Alurate®). • Schedule IV drug methohexital (Brevital®)

8. Physiological Effects • Slurred speech • Shallow breathing • Sluggishness • Fatigue • Disorientation • Lack of coordination • Dilated pupils • Sleepiness .

9. Psychological Effects • Paranoid • Suicidal thoughts • Euphoria • Relief of anxiety • Sedation • Decreased attention span

10. Side Effects • Similar to alcohol intoxication: • Disinhibition • “Truth serem” • Impaired thinking • Impaired memory and judgment • Death from depression of respiratory • Impaired coordination • Increased irritability • Decreased blood pressure and heart rate • Fainting • Nausea and vomiting • Slurred speech

11. A Killer Dose.. Autopsy’s show that many people have died in connection with overdose of barbiturates. Many sources show there issuspicion of Barbiturates playing a role in the deaths of Icons both Jimi Hendrix and Marilyn Monroe.

12. Withdrawal • Increase anxiety • Increase blood pressure • Increase heart rate • Tremors • Increase pulse • Sweating • Seizures

13. Bibliography • http://www.gdcada.org/statistics/barbiturates.htm • http://espn.go.com/special/s/drugsandsports/barbs.html • http://www.streetdrugs.org/barbiturates.htm • http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/barb.html • http://www.a1b2c3.com/drugs/barb01.htm • http://www.recreationaldrugs.org/Barbiturates/