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Developmental Milestones in Young Children and Infants with Deafblindness

Objectives. 1). To share quantitative data on the achievement of developmental milestones in infants and children who are deafblind, and 2). To discuss the implications of the findings for early intervention and educational planning for young children who are deafblind. . Project PRISM A National Collaborative Study on the Early Development of Children with Visual Impairments.

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Developmental Milestones in Young Children and Infants with Deafblindness

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    1. Developmental Milestones in Young Children and Infants with Deafblindness Julie Durando, NCLVI Fellow University of Northern Colorado Julie.Durando@unco.edu Kay Alicyn Ferrell, Ph.D. National Center on Severe & Sensory Disabilities

    2. Objectives 1). To share quantitative data on the achievement of developmental milestones in infants and children who are deafblind, and 2). To discuss the implications of the findings for early intervention and educational planning for young children who are deafblind.

    3. Project PRISM A National Collaborative Study on the Early Development of Children with Visual Impairments

    4. Collaborating Agencies Anchor Center for Blind Children Blind Childrens Center Dallas Services for Visually Impaired Children The Foundation for Blind Children New Mexico School for the Visually Handicapped Preschool Visually Impaired Preschool Services

    7. Subject Selection New referrals to collaborating agencies Less than 12 months’ CA Diagnosed visual impairment, with or without additional disabilities and/or health conditions

    8. Child Measures Teller Acuity Cards Battelle Developmental Inventory Vineland Scales of Adaptive Behavior Temperament Scales Milani-Comparetti Motor Development Screening Test ABILITIES Index Medical and health questionnaires

    9. Family Measures Demographic information Parenting Stress Index Family Resource Scale Home Observation and Measurement of the Environment (HOME)

    10. Service Measures Amount, type, and extent of special education and related services Parent satisfaction with services Primary interventionist’s perception of Family’s participation in services

    11. Assessment Protocol At referral 4 months 8 months 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months Project evaluators assess children Parents complete packets and submit directly to PRISM

    12. Training of Project Evaluators

    13. Number of Assessments

    14. BDI Age Scores by Additional Disability

    15. Project Prism Final Report http://www.unco.edu/ncssd/research/PRISM/default.html

    16. Children with Deafblindness Age of Entry Mean = 8.60 months Standard Deviation = 2.33 months Youngest at entry = 3 months Oldest at entry = 12 months N = 25

    17. Ethnicity of Children with Deafblindness (n=25)

    18. Child’s Visual Diagnosis Cortical visual impairment = 8 Optic nerve hypoplasia = 3 Retinopathy of prematurity = 2 Colobomas = 2 Glaucoma = 1 Myopia = 1 Optic atrophy = 1 Cataracts = 1 Visual diagnosis not known = 6

    19. Severity of Additional Impairments

    20. Developmental Milestones Reaches for and touches object Generally follows directions related to daily routine Transfers object from hand to hand Removes simple garment without assistance Sits alone without support 5 seconds Walks without support 10 feet Produces 1 or more C-V sounds

    21. Developmental Milestones (Continued) Copies circle Plays peek-a-boo Uses pronouns I, you, me Moves 3 or more feet by crawling Walks down stairs alternating feet Feeds self bite-size pieces of food

    22. Developmental Milestones (Continued) Uses 2-word utterances to express meaningful relationships Searches for a removed object Repeats two-digit sequences Points to at least one major body part when asked Controls bowel movements regularly

    23. Demonstration of Milestones

    24. Sequence Transfer Object Hand to Hand was Demonstrated (n = 11)

    25. Sequence Feeds Self Pieces of Food was Demonstrated (n = 7)

    26. Percentage Demonstrating Milestone

    27. Percentage Demonstrating Milestone

    28. Percentage Demonstrating Milestone

    29. Implications Development for children with deafblindness is especially unique Holistic, multi-disciplinary approach to assessments, programming and intervention Use caution when interpreting assessments

    30. Factors in Development Degree of functional vision Amount of hearing Additional Impairments Age of onset of each impairment Intervention Environment

    31. Holistic, Multidisciplinary Approach Areas of development are inter-related Team includes parents and professionals, including persons trained in sensory impairments Consider factors and their impact on development

    32. Interpret Assessments with Caution Know limitations of standardized assessments Norms usually do not include children with deafblindness Modifications or excluding items Does protocol allow child to demonstrate abilities? Guiding intervention Consider a different approach to intervention if development seems stalled

    33. Acknowledgements Project PRISM was supported by CFDA 84.0203C — Field-Initiated Research H023C10188 Julie Durando is a National Center for Leadership in Visual Impairment (NCLVI) Fellow supported by the NCLVI and OSEP Cooperative Agreement H325U040001

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