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Day 87 Age of Reform. Warm Up: What brings out the best in people cooperation or competition? Explain. Objective: Standard: Homework: Extra Credit: Communist Manifesto, Wealth of Nations. Industrial Philosophers. Capitalism- Laissez Faire- “Let do” Adam Smith The Wealth of Nations
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Day 87 Age of Reform Warm Up: What brings out the best in people cooperation or competition? Explain. Objective: Standard: Homework: Extra Credit: Communist Manifesto, Wealth of Nations
Industrial Philosophers • Capitalism- Laissez Faire- “Let do” Adam Smith • The Wealth of Nations • Thomas Malthus – Scarcity • David Ricardo – Need for an underclass • Utilitarianism- greatest good for greatest number • Social Darwinism- Herbert Spencer’s theory applying Darwinism to poor
Friedrich von Bernhardi On Social Darwinism “War is a biological necessity for society to rid itself of the weak and unfit”
Socialism and Communism • Socialism Factors of Production owned and controlled by government • Government should actively participate in economics • Karl Marx- Communist Manifesto Class struggle (Bourgeoisie vs. Proletariat) Haves vs. Have not’s • Results: Dictatorship of the Proletariate
Karl Marx • Industrial Revolution Influence (exploitation, profits) • Communism will follow socialism and class struggle • Religion is the Opiate of the Masses
Unions • Collective Bargaining • Strike • Combination Act 1824 Outlawed Unions and strikes Better W.C. and Wages Child Labor, Hours, safety,
More Reforms • Slavery ends- Moral reason, Economic Reason • Brittan ends slavery 1807 U.S. 1865 Spain 1873 Portugal 1888 Women- 1/3 of male pay • Development of community centers • Push for voting rights • Public Education • Prison to Corrections
Review Questions 1) Who wrote the Wealth of Nations? 2) According to Utilitarianism what is the role of government? 3) According to 19th century socialism what role does the government play? 4) What political philosophy was developed by Karl Marx? 5) Collective bargaining is carried out between what two groups of people? 6) What is a strike, what two groups of people are involved?