Systematic Literature Searching in Veterinary Medicine A workshop for UCVM Graduate Students Fall 2013

1. Systematic Literature Searching in Veterinary MedicineA workshop for UCVM Graduate StudentsFall 2013 Lorraine Toews MLIS Librarian, Veterinary Medicine ,UC Health Sciences Library libguides.ucalgary.ca/vetmed

2. Workshop Overview • Search continuum • Standards for systematic searches • Search process • Developing search questions • Selecting databases • Search strategies • Textwordvs Subject Heading • Broaden & Focus Searches • Saving search strategies • Reporting searches • Publishing your research

3. Search Continuum

4. Systematic Reviews vs Narrative Reviews

5. Standards forSystematic Literature Search Cochrane Collaboration Handbook http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/ US Institute of Medicine Standards for Systematic Reviews http://www.iom.edu/

6. Systematic review searchesaim to minimize bias by Doing an exhaustive search for all the evidence in … • Peer reviewed journal literature • Grey literature • Conference proceedings • Dissertations & theses • Government documents • Data & statistics • Professional organization reports • Unpublished studies – clinical trial & research in progress registries

7. 1. Translate your Research Question into Searchable Questions2. Develop Search Terms

8. Ask a SearchableQuestion How does the metaphylacticuse of antimicrobials in beef cattle affect the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in afeedlotsetting?

9. Key concepts &Search terms

10. Ask a SearchableClinical Question Among dairy cattle, is the complement fixation testvs the Elisa test more accurate in screening for Johne’s disease?

11. Key Concepts &Search Terms

12. Define Search Limits • Publication Date • Language • Type of document – review, RCT • Age group • Gender • Geographic Location

13. 3. Select Appropriate Databases for Your Topic and Task

14. Veterinary MedicineLiterature

15. 3.1 Locate journal literature Google Scholar - background, scoping search, cited by, find known article CAB Abs (OVID) – vet med, animal science PubMed / MEDLINE (OVID) – medicine, vet med Scopus, Web of Science (Thomson) – multidisciplinary, citation tracking Wildlife & Ecology Studies (EBSCO) BIOSIS (Thomson) – basic biological sciences Environment Complete (EBSCO) - environment Agricola (EBSCO) – animal science

16. CAB Abs vsPubMed

17. CAB Abstracts Subject Coverage CABI Publishing http://www.cabi.org/default.aspx?site=170&page=1016&pid=125

18. Some Vet Med Journals in CAB Abs not in PubMed Bovine Bovine Practitioner Cattle Practice Livestock Science UK Vet: Livestock Equine Australian Equine Veterinarian Equine Veterinary Education Journal of Equine Science Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Exotics Exotic DVM Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine Swine Journal of Swine Health & Production Pig Journal

19. Some Vet Med Journals in CAB Abs not in PubMed Poultry Journal of Poultry Science Poultry International Public Health Journal of Veterinary Epidemiology Journal of Veterinary Public Health Wildlife European Journal of Wildlife Research Journal of Wildlife Health Journal of Wildlife Management Other Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

20. CAB Abs, BIOSISWeb of Science

21. Scopus & Web of Science

22. Scopus Coverage

23. Scopus Coverage

24. Wildlife & Ecology Studies Subject Coverage

25. Environment Complete Subject Coverage

26. 3.2 Locate conferenceproceedings CAB Abstracts – vet med IVIS International Veterinary Info System Web of Science Scopus BIOSIS – basic science UC Library Catalogue – selective Interlibrary loan

27. 3.3 Locate dissertations & theses Proquest Dissertations & Theses • Full-text PDFs 1997 – present • Can take 1 year to appear in Proquest Interlibrary loan if not in Proquest Purchase Proquest Dissertations - credit card

28. 3.4 Locate data & statistics UC Library Spatial & Numeric Data Services http://library.ucalgary.ca/sands Phone: 403-220-6822libdata@ucalgary.camaps@ucalgary.caTwitter: @UofCLibData

29. Off-Campus Authentication Barcode: first 9 digits of barcode on back (leave off last digit) Password/PIN: UCID number leave off zeros at front of number http://thoth.lib.ucalgary.ca/loginhelp.html

30. 4. Search Strategies

31. A Cautionary Note • Databases like CAB Abstracts, Scopus … • Do not work like Google • Quality varies • Consistency, depth indexing • Search software functionality • Subject coverage varies • Effort to learn search skills > quality of results

32. Broaden or Focus your Search

33. Strategies to Broaden Searches • Reframe your question to make it broader • Use broader search terms • Remove the least important concept • Add synonyms within a concept (Boolean OR) • Use truncation in textword searches – therap* retrieves therapy, therapist, therapeutic • Apply fewer, or no limits • Use the Explode feature (only in CAB Abs, OVID MEDLINE) • Use both subject headings & textwords for the broadest search

34. Strategies to Focus Searches • Reframe your question to make it narrower • Use more specific search terms • Add another concept • Use less/no synonyms within a concept • Use less/no truncation in textword searches • Apply more limits • Do not use the Explode feature (only in CAB Abs, OVID MEDLINE)

35. Subject Heading vs Keyword Searching

36. Search ModeDepends on Task PubMed Default or Advanced • Need only the key articles on topic • Topic covered by journals indexed in PubMed CAB Abs Multi-Field • Topic not covered in PubMed journals • Need only the key articles on topic • You do not need a comprehensive search • Topic is precise, well defined CAB Abs or MEDLINE Advanced • Need a comprehensive, precise search • Your topic is abstract, multi-faceted

37. Search Mechanics • Boolean Operators • AND, OR, NOT (see separate slide) • Parentheses ( ) • Enclose synonyms for a concept in parentheses • Search boxes in CAB Abs Multi-Field does automatically • Exact phrase search • Varies depending on database • Many databases use quote marks “_” around a phrase • Truncation • Asterisk at end of word stem retrieves plurals, word variants - therap* retrieves therapy, therapist, therapeutic

38. Boolean Operators OR Connects synonyms or similarterms within a concept Finds records with EITHER or BOTH search terms Broadens search Dementia OR Alzheimers AND Connects concepts Finds records with ALL search terms Narrows search Dementia AND treatment NOT Excludes all records that contain the term after NOT Narrows search Use with care Dementia NOT Alzheimers

39. Textword Search(OVID Multi-Field)CAB Abstracts

40. CAB Abstracts Record

41. Textword Search Multi-Field OVID

42. Find Review articlesin CAB Abstracts Type the following in the search box: Exp Reviews/ or meta-analysis/ Combine with your final subject search set using AND

43. Subject Heading Search(OVID Advanced)CAB Abstracts

44. CAB Abstracts Record

45. CAB Abstracts Record Subject Heading search (OVID Advanced Search) searches this part of record

46. Subject Heading SearchOVID Advanced

47. Purpose of Subject Headings Account for synonyms, plural, alternate spelling Increased Relevance

48. Purpose of Subject Headings Use the Explode function

49. Purpose of Subject Headings Retrieval of abstract, multi-faceted topics

50. Getting Full-TextArticles