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Designing Effective Questionnaires in Qualitative Research

This comprehensive guide explores the intricate design of questionnaires in qualitative research. It discusses the importance of choosing between structured, semi-structured, and unstructured formats, while also considering ethical concerns like intrusion, sensitivity, and privacy. Key insights are provided on question types—including dichotomous, multiple choice, Likert scale, and open-ended questions—along with the potential pitfalls to avoid. The layout and piloting of questionnaires are emphasized to enhance clarity and participant engagement, ensuring valuable data collection.

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Designing Effective Questionnaires in Qualitative Research

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  1. LG 524 WEEK THREE QUESTIONNAIRES IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

  2. The Questionnaire Model • No all encompassing Good Model • Qualitative Research may include quantitative methods in gathering data. • Many questionnaires will combine both approaches, either free standing or as leading to the Interview.

  3. ETHICAL CONCERNS…. • Intrusion. • Time. • Sensitivity • Threat • Privacy • Offence and Irritation • The Ethical Concerns form is coming your way……….

  4. Structured, Semi-Structured or Unstructured? • Number of Respondents • Size of Questionnaire • Statistical analysis and comparisons • Structured>Do you plan your lessons? • Semi-Structured> Is lesson-planning always necessary do you think? • Open/Unstructured> What can you tell me about your lesson planning?

  5. Avoiding Pitfalls in Question Writing. • Leading questions. • Highbrow questions. • Complex questions. • Irritating questions. • Negatives and double negatives. • Too many open –ended questions • Ambiguous questions.

  6. Types of Questions. • Dichotomous >. Yes/ No questions. • Multiple choice questions>a, b, c, d. • Likert Questions • Rank Ordering • Unstructured open-ended questions: More detailed responses, not guided, gains information that may not be forthcoming through more structured, guided questions.

  7. Open Questions…. • A useful exercise for speaking contains…………… • The uses of grammar in teaching speaking are…………………….. • Why might you omit pair-work in a class? Open –ended questions may gather data that sheds un-thought of information for research questions

  8. Questionnaire Order • Factual questions. Unthreatening. Age, gender, experience, training… • >>Closed questions. Dichotomous, multiple choice. Ranking…. • >>More open questions. May be interspersed with closed questions to seek more information on answers, or to ask reason for answers.

  9. Layout of the Questionnaire: • Introduce purpose of each section, makes process more simple for participant, guides them through it. • Clarity of wording and design. • Short clear instructions. • Numbering of questions. • Which parts need not be answered. • Ask respondent for check, early return of the questionnaire, thanks…..

  10. Cover Letter • Title • Introduction • Purpose of Research • Benefits • Return • Incentive • Thanks

  11. Piloting the Questionnaire • Clarity • Feedback • Ambiguity • Format • Ease of answering • Time • Length • New Categories • Misunderstanding • Data Analysis.

  12. Open - Ended… • Can you explain why…. • Some reasons for….. • Why…….

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